water based deposition nucleation

docs/src/API.md

@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ AerosolActivation.total_M_activated
 ```@docs
 HetIceNucleation
 HetIceNucleation.dust_activated_number_fraction
+HetIceNucleation.deposition_J
 HetIceNucleation.ABIFM_J
 ```
 

src/IceNucleation.jl

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import ..Parameters as CMP
 import Thermodynamics as TD
 
 export dust_activated_number_fraction
+export deposition_J
 export ABIFM_J
 
 """
@@ -40,6 +41,27 @@ function dust_activated_number_fraction(
     end
 end
 
+"""
+    deposition_J(dust, ip, Δa_w)
+
+ - `dust` - a struct with dust parameters
+ - `Δa_w` - change in water activity [unitless].
+
+Returns the deposition nucleation rate coefficient, `J`, in m^-2 s^-1
+for different minerals in liquid droplets.
+The free parameters `m` and `c` are derived from China et al (2017)
+see DOI: 10.1002/2016JD025817
+"""
+function deposition_J(
+    dust::Union{CMP.Ferrihydrite, CMP.Feldspar, CMP.Kaolinite},
+    Δa_w::FT,
+) where {FT}
+
+    logJ::FT = dust.deposition_m * Δa_w + dust.deposition_c
+
+    return max(FT(0), FT(10)^logJ * FT(1e4)) # converts cm^-2 s^-1 to m^-2 s^-1
+end
+
 """
     ABIFM_J(dust, ip, Δa_w)
 
@@ -56,7 +78,7 @@ function ABIFM_J(
     Δa_w::FT,
 ) where {FT}
 
-    logJ::FT = dust.m * Δa_w + dust.c
+    logJ::FT = dust.ABIFM_m * Δa_w + dust.ABIFM_c
 
     return max(FT(0), FT(10)^logJ * FT(1e4)) # converts cm^-2 s^-1 to m^-2 s^-1
 end

src/parameters/AerosolFeldspar.jl

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+export Feldspar
+
+"""
+    Feldspar{FT}
+
+Parameters for Feldspar from Alpert et al 2022
+DOI: 10.1039/D1EA00077B
+
+# Fields
+$(DocStringExtensions.FIELDS)
+"""
+struct Feldspar{FT} <: AerosolType{FT}
+    "m coefficient for deposition nucleation J [-]"
+    deposition_m::FT
+    "c coefficient for deposition nucleation J [-]"
+    deposition_c::FT
+end
+
+function Feldspar(
+    ::Type{FT},
+    toml_dict::CP.AbstractTOMLDict = CP.create_toml_dict(FT),
+) where {FT}
+    (; data) = toml_dict
+    return Feldspar(
+        FT(data["Alpert2022_J_deposition_m_Feldspar"]["value"]),
+        FT(data["Alpert2022_J_deposition_c_Feldspar"]["value"]),
+    )
+end

src/parameters/AerosolFerrihydrite.jl

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+export Ferrihydrite
+
+"""
+    Ferrihydrite{FT}
+
+Parameters for Ferrihydrite from Alpert et al 2022
+DOI: 10.1039/D1EA00077B
+
+# Fields
+$(DocStringExtensions.FIELDS)
+"""
+struct Ferrihydrite{FT} <: AerosolType{FT}
+    "m coefficient for deposition nucleation J [-]"
+    deposition_m::FT
+    "c coefficient for deposition nucleation J [-]"
+    deposition_c::FT
+end
+
+function Ferrihydrite(
+    ::Type{FT},
+    toml_dict::CP.AbstractTOMLDict = CP.create_toml_dict(FT),
+) where {FT}
+    (; data) = toml_dict
+    return Ferrihydrite(
+        FT(data["Alpert2022_J_deposition_m_Ferrihydrite"]["value"]),
+        FT(data["Alpert2022_J_deposition_c_Ferrihydrite"]["value"]),
+    )
+end

src/parameters/AerosolKaolinite.jl

@@ -4,16 +4,21 @@ export Kaolinite
     Kaolinite{FT}
 
 Parameters for kaolinite from Knopf and Alpert 2013
-DOI: 10.1039/C3FD00035D
+DOI: 10.1039/C3FD00035D and China et al 2017
+DOI: 10.1002/2016JD025817
 
 # Fields
 $(DocStringExtensions.FIELDS)
 """
 struct Kaolinite{FT} <: AerosolType{FT}
+    "m coefficient for deposition nucleation J [-]"
+    deposition_m::FT
+    "c coefficient for deposition nucleation J [-]"
+    deposition_c::FT
     "m coefficient for immersion freezing J [-]"
-    m::FT
+    ABIFM_m::FT
     "c coefficient for immersion freezing J [-]"
-    c::FT
+    ABIFM_c::FT
 end
 
 function Kaolinite(
@@ -22,6 +27,8 @@ function Kaolinite(
 ) where {FT}
     (; data) = toml_dict
     return Kaolinite(
+        FT(data["China2017_J_deposition_m_Kaolinite"]["value"]),
+        FT(data["China2017_J_deposition_c_Kaolinite"]["value"]),
         FT(data["KnopfAlpert2013_J_ABIFM_m_Kaolinite"]["value"]),
         FT(data["KnopfAlpert2013_J_ABIFM_c_Kaolinite"]["value"]),
     )

test/gpu_tests.jl

@@ -480,6 +480,23 @@ end
     end
 end
 
+@kernel function IceNucleation_deposition_J_kernel!(
+    output::AbstractArray{FT},
+    kaolinite,
+    feldspar,
+    ferrihydrate,
+    Delta_a_w,
+) where {FT}
+
+    i = @index(Group, Linear)
+
+    @inbounds begin
+        output[1] = CMI_het.ABIFM_J(kaolinite, Delta_a_w[1])
+        output[2] = CMI_het.ABIFM_J(feldspar, Delta_a_w[2])
+        output[3] = CMI_het.ABIFM_J(ferrihydrate, Delta_a_w[2])
+    end
+end
+
 @kernel function IceNucleation_ABIFM_J_kernel!(
     output::AbstractArray{FT},
     kaolinite,
@@ -576,6 +593,8 @@ function test_gpu(FT)
     H2SO4_prs = CMP.H2SO4SolutionParameters(FT)
     illite = CMP.Illite(FT)
     kaolinite = CMP.Kaolinite(FT)
+    feldspar = CMP.Feldspar(FT)
+    ferrihydrate = CMP.Ferrihydrite(FT)
     ip = CMP.IceNucleationParameters(FT)
 
     @testset "Aerosol activation kernels" begin
@@ -821,6 +840,19 @@ function test_gpu(FT)
     end
 
     @testset "Ice Nucleation kernels" begin
+        dims = (1, 3)
+        (; output, ndrange) = setup_output(dims, FT)
+
+        Delta_a_w = ArrayType([FT(0.16), FT(0.15)])
+
+        kernel! = IceNucleation_deposition_J_kernel!(backend, work_groups)
+        kernel!(output, kaolinite, feldspar, ferrihydrate, Delta_a_w; ndrange)
+
+        # test if deposition_J is callable and returns reasonable values
+        @test Array(output)[1] ≈ FT(153.65772539109)
+        @test Array(output)[2] ≈ FT(31.870032033791)
+        @test Array(output)[3] ≈ FT(31.870032033791)
+
         dims = (1, 2)
         (; output, ndrange) = setup_output(dims, FT)
 

test/heterogeneous_ice_nucleation_tests.jl

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ function test_heterogeneous_ice_nucleation(FT)
     desert_dust = CMP.DesertDust(FT)
     illite = CMP.Illite(FT)
     kaolinite = CMP.Kaolinite(FT)
+    feldspar = CMP.Feldspar(FT)
+    ferrihydrate = CMP.ferrihydrate(FT)
 
     TT.@testset "dust_activation" begin
 
@@ -81,6 +83,39 @@ function test_heterogeneous_ice_nucleation(FT)
         end
     end
 
+    TT.@testset "Deposition Nucleation J" begin
+
+        T_warm_1 = FT(229.2)
+        T_cold_1 = FT(228.8)
+        x_sulph = FT(0.1)
+
+        T_warm_2 = FT(285)
+        T_cold_2 = FT(251)
+        e_warm = FT(1088)
+        e_cold = FT(544)
+
+        # higher nucleation rate at colder temperatures
+        for dust in [feldspar, ferrihydrite, kaolinite]
+            TT.@test CMI_het.deposition_J(
+                dust,
+                CO.a_w_xT(H2SO4_prs, tps, x_sulph, T_cold_1) -
+                CO.a_w_ice(tps, T_cold_1),
+            ) > CMI_het.deposition_J(
+                dust,
+                CO.a_w_xT(H2SO4_prs, tps, x_sulph, T_warm_1) -
+                CO.a_w_ice(tps, T_warm_1),
+            )
+
+            TT.@test CMI_het.depostition_J(
+                dust,
+                CO.a_w_eT(tps, e_cold, T_cold_2) - CO.a_w_ice(tps, T_cold_2),
+            ) > CMI_het.deposition_J(
+                dust,
+                CO.a_w_eT(tps, e_warm, T_warm_2) - CO.a_w_ice(tps, T_warm_2),
+            )
+        end
+    end
+
     TT.@testset "ABIFM J" begin
 
         T_warm_1 = FT(229.2)

test/performance_tests.jl

@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ function benchmark_test(FT)
     ap = CMP.AerosolActivationParameters(FT)
     # ice nucleation
     desert_dust = CMP.DesertDust(FT)
+    kaolinite = CMP.Kaolinite(FT)
     ip = CMP.IceNucleationParameters(FT)
     H2SO4_prs = CMP.H2SO4SolutionParameters(FT)
     # aerosol nucleation parameters
@@ -136,6 +137,7 @@ function benchmark_test(FT)
         (desert_dust, ip.deposition, S_ice, T_air_2),
         50,
     )
+    bench_press(CMI_het.deposition_J, (kaolinite, Delta_a_w), 230)
     bench_press(CMI_het.ABIFM_J, (desert_dust, Delta_a_w), 230)
     bench_press(CMI_hom.homogeneous_J, (ip.homogeneous, Delta_a_w), 230)