Fix standard en_GB VAT numbers being generated with an incorrect number of digits

Standard UK VAT numbers should be 9 digits.

If the Modulus 97 block of a UK VAT number has a leading 0, this
zero gets thrown out when sprintf casts this block from a
string (%s) to an int (%d) during formatting.

For example, a check block of "07" would end up like:

GB216 5727 7

but it should be:

GB216 5727 07

Author: liamja

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 - Removed functionality for populating ORM entities and models (#764)
 - Added a PHP version support policy (#752)
 - Stopped using `static` in callables in `Provider\pt_BR\PhoneNumber` (#785)
+- Fixed en_GB standard VAT numbers (#969)
 
 ## [2023-06-12, v1.23.0](https://github.com/FakerPHP/Faker/compare/v1.22.0..v1.23.0)
 

src/Provider/en_GB/Company.php

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ private static function generateStandardVatNumber(): string
         $secondBlock = static::randomNumber(4, true);
 
         return sprintf(
-            '%s%d %d %d',
+            '%s%s %s %s',
             static::VAT_PREFIX,
             $firstBlock,
             $secondBlock,
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ private static function generateStandardVatNumber(): string
     private static function generateHealthAuthorityVatNumber(): string
     {
         return sprintf(
-            '%sHA%d',
+            '%sHA%s',
             static::VAT_PREFIX,
             static::numberBetween(500, 999),
         );
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ private static function generateHealthAuthorityVatNumber(): string
     private static function generateBranchTraderVatNumber(): string
     {
         return sprintf(
-            '%s %d',
+            '%s %s',
             static::generateStandardVatNumber(),
             static::randomNumber(3, true),
         );

test/Provider/en_GB/CompanyTest.php

@@ -62,6 +62,15 @@ public function testVatHealthAuthorityType(): void
         self::assertTrue($matches[1] < 1000);
     }
 
+    public function testLeadingZeroInModulus97BlockRemainsAfterFormatting(): void
+    {
+        // Force Faker to generate VAT number GB216 5727 07
+        $this->faker->seed(297957);
+        $number = $this->faker->vat();
+        $this->assertDefaultVatFormat($number);
+        self::assertStringEndsWith('07', substr($number, -2));
+    }
+
     protected function getProviders(): iterable
     {
         yield new Company($this->faker);