Cmip7 Emissions Variables List (v0)

definitions/variable/emissions/emissions.yaml

@@ -1,27 +1,55 @@
 # Emissions species are grouped into three levels of detail for the reporting.
 # Level-1 reports aggregate emissions, Level-3 has the most detailed disaggregation.
 # Gross emissions are only defined for CO2.
+# Emissions reporting guidance follows IPCC guidance, referring to 
+# 2006 categories: https://www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/2019rf/pdf/1_Volume1/19R_V1_Ch08_Reporting_Guidance.pdf
+# 1996 categories: https://github.com/primap-community/climate_categories/blob/main/climate_categories/data/IPCC1996.yaml
 
 - Emissions|{Level-1 Species}:
-    description: Emissions of {Level-1 Species}
+    description: Emissions of {Level-1 Species} to the atmosphere. 
+      For the avoidance of doubt, these emissions are net emissions 
+      (i.e. include both positive (emission) and negative (removal) 
+      contributions. For positive contributions only, see 
+      "Gross Emissions|*").
     unit: "{Level-1 Species}"
+    note: For a breakdown of carbon removals, see the "Carbon Removal|*" tree
     components:
       - Emissions|{Level-1 Species}|AFOLU
       - Emissions|{Level-1 Species}|Energy
       - Emissions|{Level-1 Species}|Industrial Processes
       - Emissions|{Level-1 Species}|Waste
-      - Emissions|{Level-1 Species}|Capture and Removal
+      - Emissions|{Level-1 Species}|Other Capture and Removal
+      - Emissions|{Level-1 Species}|Product Use
       - Emissions|{Level-1 Species}|Other
 - Gross Emissions|CO2:
-    description: Gross emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), not accounting for negative
-      emissions from bioenergy with CCS (BECCS) or agriculture, forestry
-      and other land use (AFOLU)
+    description:  Gross emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2), not accounting for
+      negative emissions, for example from bioenergy with CCS (BECCS), direct air carbon capture
+      or agriculture, forestry and other land use (AFOLU)
+    notes: For net emissions (accounting for negative emissions), see "Emissions|CO2".
     unit: Mt CO2/yr
 
 - Emissions|{Level-2 Species}|AFOLU:
     description: Emissions of {Level-2 Species} from agriculture, forestry
-      and other land use (IPCC category 3)
+      and other land use (IPCC 1996 category 4, 5; IPCC 2006 category 3), 
+      reporting the sum of sources and sinks including land-use methods that do not 
+      use CCS such as soil carbon sequestration, biochar, forestry, peatland 
+      and wetland restoration, and biomass burial. Emissions reported in this 
+      category represent fluxes to/from the atmosphere from/to the land pool.
     unit: "{Level-2 Species}"
+    note: For a breakdown of carbon removals, see the "Carbon Removal|*" tree
+    components:
+      - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Agriculture
+      - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Biomass Burning
+      - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land
+- Gross Emissions|CO2|AFOLU:
+  description: Gross emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2)  from agriculture, forestry
+      and other land use (IPCC 1996 category 4, 5; IPCC 2006 category 3).
+      This is emissions sources only. All removals (for example, 
+      removals from biochar) are not included here. For net emissions, 
+      see "Emissions|*". Emissions reported in this category represent 
+      fluxes from the land pool to the atmosphere.
+  unit: Mt CO2/yr
+
 - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Agriculture:
     description: Emissions of {Level-3 Species} from the agriculture sector
     unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
@@ -43,52 +71,113 @@
     description: Emissions of {Level-3 Species} from soil management practices
       in the agriculture sector
     unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
+- Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Biomass Burning:
+    description: Emissions from agricultural waste burning
+    unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
 - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land:
     description: Emissions of {Level-3 Species} from forestry and other land use
     unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
+    components:
+      - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Forest Land
+      - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Cropland
+      - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Grassland
+      - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Wetlands
+      - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Settlements
+      - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Other Land
+      - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Fires
+- Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Forest Land:
+    description: Emissions and removals from lands with woody vegetation
+      (partially IPCC 1996 category 5A/5B/5D; IPCC 2006 category 3B1) 
+    note: It also includes systems with vegetation that currently fall below, 
+      but are expected to later exceed, the threshold values used by a country to
+      define the forest land category.
+    unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
+- Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Cropland:
+    description: Emissions and removals from arable and tillage land, rice
+      fields, and agro-forestry systems where vegetation falls
+      below the thresholds used for the forest land category
+      (no clear IPCC 1996 category; IPCC 2006 category 3B2)
+    note: This does not include methane emissions from rice cultivation
+    unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
+- Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Grassland:
+    description: Emissions and removals from rangelands and pasture land
+      that is not considered cropland. It also includes systems with
+      woody vegetation that fall below the threshold values used
+      in the forest land category and are not expected to exceed
+      them, without human intervention (partially IPCC 1996 category 4D/4E/5A/5B/5C/5D; IPCC 2006 category 3B3).
+    note: The category also includes all grassland from wild lands to recreational 
+      areas as well as agricultural and silvi-pastural systems, subdivided
+      into managed and unmanaged, consistent with national
+      definitions.
+    unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
 - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Wetlands:
-    description: Emissions of {Level-3 Species} from managed peatlands (drained and rewetted)
+    description: Emissions from land that is covered or saturated by water for
+      all or part of the year (e.g., peatland) and that does not fall
+      into the forest land, cropland, grassland or settlements
+      categories (partially IPCC 1996 category 4D/5A/5B/5E; IPCC 2006 category 3B4) 
+    note: It includes reservoirs as a managed sub-division and 
+      natural rivers and lakes as unmanaged sub-divisions
     unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
-- Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Forest Burning:
-    description: Emissions and removals of {Level-3 Species} from land with woody vegetation
-      (forests, IPCC category 3B1)
+- Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Settlements:
+    description: Emissions and removals from all developed land, including
+      transportation infrastructure and human settlements of any
+      size, unless they are already included under other
+      categories (partially IPCC 1996 category 5A/5B/5D/5E; IPCC 2006 category 3B5).
     unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
-- Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Grassland Burning:
-    description: Emissions and removals of {Level-3 Species} from rangelands and pasture land
-      (IPCC category 3B3)
+- Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Other Land:
+    description: Emissions and removals from bare soil, rock, ice, and all
+      unmanaged land areas that do not fall into any of the other
+      land categories (no clear IPCC 1996 category; IPCC 2006 category 3B6). 
     unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
-- Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Other Land Burning:
-    description: Emissions and removals of {Level-3 Species} from any other categories
-      of land burning (e.g. peatlands)
+- Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Fires:
+    description: Emissions from land fires and deforestation & degradation
+    unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
+- Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Fires|Peat Burning:
+    description: Emissions from peat fires
+    unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
+- Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Fires|Forest Burning:
+    description: Emissions from boreal forest fires, temperate forest fires,
+      and tropical deforestation & degradation
+    unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
+- Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|AFOLU|Land|Fires|Grassland Burning:
+    description: Emissions from savanna, grassland, and shrubland fires
     unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
 
 - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|Energy and Industrial Processes:
     description: Emissions of {Level-3 Species} from energy use in supply and demand sectors
-      (IPCC category 1A, 1B) and from industrial processes (IPCC categories 2A, B, C, E),
-      including emissions from international bunker fuels, net of negative emissions
-      from bioenergy with CCS (BECCS) in these sectors
+      (IPCC category 1A, 1B) and from industrial processes (IPCC categories 1A2, 1A5, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2E),
+      including emissions from international bunker fuels. This is the sum of sources and sinks, and 
+      includes negative emisisons in these sectors, for instance from bioenergy with CCS (BECCS)
     unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
+    note: For a breakdown of carbon removals, see the "Carbon Removal|*" tree
     components:
       - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|Energy
       - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|Industrial Processes
 - Gross Emissions|CO2|Energy and Industrial Processes:
     description: Gross emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) from energy use in supply and demand sectors
-      (IPCC category 1A, 1B) and from industrial processes (IPCC categories 2A, B, C, E),
-      including emissions from international bunker fuels, not accounting for
-      negative emissions from bioenergy with CCS (BECCS) in these sectors
+      (IPCC category 1A, 1B) and from industrial processes (IPCC categories 1A2, 1A5, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2E),
+      including emissions from international bunker fuels, not accounting for 
+      removals from the atmosphere
     unit: Mt CO2/yr
     components:
       - Gross Emissions|CO2|Energy
       - Gross Emissions|CO2|Industrial Processes
 
 - Emissions|{Level-2 Species}|Energy:
-    description: Emissions of {Level-2 Species} from energy use,
-      including fugitive emissions from fuels (IPCC category 1A, 1B)
+    description: Emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) from energy use, including 
+      fugitive emissions from fuels (IPCC category 1A (except manufacturing 1A2 
+      and other unspecified 1A5), 1B), reporting the sum of sources and sinks, including negative 
+      emissions from carbon capture and removal using BECCS and other forms of CCS on energy supply 
+      and demand for instance for Oil, Gas, and Coal, as well as bio-oil storage
     unit: "{Level-2 Species}"
+    note: For a breakdown of carbon removals, see the "Carbon Removal|*" tree
+    components:
+      - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|Energy|Supply
+      - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|Energy|Demand
 - Gross Emissions|CO2|Energy:
     description: Gross emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) from energy use,
-      including fugitive emissions from fuels (IPCC category 1A, 1B), not accounting for
-      negative emissions from bioenergy with CCS (BECCS) in these sectors
+      including fugitive emissions from fuels (IPCC category 1A, 1B), not accounting for 
+      removals from the atmosphere
     unit: Mt CO2/yr
 - Emissions|{Level-2 Species}|Energy|Supply:
     description: Emissions of {Level-2 Species} from fuel combustion and fugitive emissions
@@ -104,8 +193,8 @@
       other energy conversion (e.g., refineries, synfuel production, solid fuel processing,
       IPCC category 1Ab, 1Ac), incl. pipeline transportation (IPCC category 1A3ei),
       fugitive emissions from fuels (IPCC category 1B) and emissions from carbon dioxide
-      transport and storage (IPCC category 1C), not accounting for negative emissions
-      from bioenergy with CCS (BECCS) in these sectors
+      transport and storage (IPCC category 1C), not accounting for 
+      removals from the atmosphere
     unit: Mt CO2/yr
 - Emissions|{Level-2 Species}|Energy|Supply|Combustion:
     description: Emissions of {Level-2 Species} from fuel combustion in energy supply,
@@ -123,52 +212,53 @@
     unit: Mt CO2/yr
 - Gross Emissions|CO2|Energy|Supply|Electricity:
     description: Gross emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) for electricity generation,
-      not accounting for negative emissions from bioenergy with CCS (BECCS) in this sector
+      not accounting for removals from the atmosphere
     unit: Mt CO2/yr
 - Emissions|CO2|Energy|Supply|{Secondary Fuel Level 2}:
     description: Emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) for production of {Secondary Fuel Level 2}
     unit: Mt CO2/yr
     tier: "{Secondary Fuel Level 2}"
 - Gross Emissions|CO2|Energy|Supply|{Secondary Fuel Level 2}:
     description: Gross emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) for production of {Secondary Fuel Level 2},
-      not accounting for negative emissions from bioenergy with CCS (BECCS) in this sector
+      not accounting for removals from the atmosphere
     unit: Mt CO2/yr
     tier: "{Secondary Fuel Level 2}"
 - Emissions|CO2|Energy|Supply|Autoproduction:
     description: Emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) for own-use energy supply
     unit: Mt CO2/yr
 - Gross Emissions|CO2|Energy|Supply|Autoproduction:
     description: Gross emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) for own-use energy supply,
-      not accounting for negative emissions from bioenergy with CCS (BECCS) in this sector
+      not accounting for removals from the atmosphere
     unit: Mt CO2/yr
 - Emissions|CO2|Energy|Supply|Other:
     description: Emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) for other categories of energy supply
     unit: Mt CO2/yr
 - Gross Emissions|CO2|Energy|Supply|Other:
     description: Gross emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) for other categories of energy supply,
-      not accounting for negative emissions from bioenergy with CCS (BECCS) in these sectors
+      not accounting for removals from the atmosphere
     unit: Mt CO2/yr
 
 - Emissions|{Level-2 Species}|Energy|Demand:
     description: Emissions of {Level-2 Species} from fuel combustion in industry (IPCC category 1A2),
       residential, commercial, institutional sectors and agriculture, forestry,
       fishing (AFOFI) (IPCC category 1A4a, 1A4b, 1A4c), and the transportation sector
-      (IPCC category 1A3), excluding pipeline emissions (IPCC category 1A3ei),
-      net of negative emissions incl. demand-side use of bioenergy with CCS (BECCS)
+      (IPCC category 1A3), excluding pipeline emissions (IPCC category 1A3ei).
+      This is the sum of sources and sinks, including negative emissions such as the demand-side use 
+      of bioenergy with CCS (BECCS)
     unit: "{Level-2 Species}"
 - Gross Emissions|CO2|Energy|Demand:
     description: Gross emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) from fuel combustion in industry (IPCC category 1A2),
       residential, commercial, institutional sectors and agriculture, forestry,
       fishing (AFOFI) (IPCC category 1A4a, 1A4b, 1A4c), and the transportation sector
       (IPCC category 1A3), excluding pipeline emissions (IPCC category 1A3ei),
-      not accounting for negative emissions from bioenergy with CCS (BECCS) in these sectors
+      not accounting for removals from the atmosphere
     unit: Mt CO2/yr
 - Emissions|{Level-2 Species}|Energy|Demand|Industry:
     description: Emissions of {Level-2 Species} from fuel combustion in industry (IPCC category 1A2)
     unit: "{Level-2 Species}"
 - Gross Emissions|CO2|Energy|Demand|Industry:
     description: Gross emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) from fuel combustion in industry (IPCC category 1A2),
-      not accounting for negative emissions from bioenergy with CCS (BECCS) in these sectors
+      not accounting for removals from the atmosphere
     unit: Mt CO2/yr
 - Emissions|CO2|Energy|Demand|Industry|{Non-Energy Sector}:
     description: Emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) from energy demand in the {Non-Energy Sector}
@@ -212,20 +302,23 @@
 
 - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|Industrial Processes:
     description: Emissions of {Level-3 Species} from industrial processes
-      (IPCC categories 2A, B, C, E), net of negative emissions using CCS
+      (IPCC categories 1A2, 1A5, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2E). This is the sum of sources 
+      and sinks, including negative emissions such as those from cement carbonation
+      processes and other forms of capture and storage on industrial processes
     unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
+    note: For a breakdown of carbon removals, see the "Carbon Removal|*" tree
 - Gross Emissions|CO2|Industrial Processes:
     description: Gross emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) from industrial processes
-      (IPCC categories 2A, B, C, E), not accounting for negative emissions from
-      bioenergy with CCS (BECCS) in these sectors
+      (IPCC categories 1A2, 1A5, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2E), not accounting for negative emissions 
+      from carbon removal processes such as from cement production
     unit: Mt CO2/yr
 - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|Industrial Processes|{Non-Energy Sector}:
     description: Emissions of {Level-3 Species} from industrial processes
-      (IPCC categories 2A, B, C, E) in the {Non-Energy Sector}
+      (IPCC categories 1A2, 1A5, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2E) in the {Non-Energy Sector}
     unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
 - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|Industrial Processes|{Industrial-Process Sector}:
     description: Emissions of {Level-3 Species} from industrial processes
-      (IPCC categories 2A, B, C, E) in the {Industrial-Process Sector}
+      (IPCC categories 1A2, 1A5, 2A, 2B, 2C, 2E) in the {Industrial-Process Sector}
     unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
 
 - Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|Product Use:
@@ -248,21 +341,25 @@
     unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
 
 - Emissions|{Level-2 Species}|Waste:
-    description: Emissions of {Level-2 Species} from waste (IPCC category 6)
-    unit: "{Level-2 Species}"
-
-- Emissions|{Level-2 Species}|Fossil Fuel Fires:
-    description: Emissions of {Level-2 Species} from fossil fuel fires (IPCC category 7)
+    description: Emissions of {Level-2 Species} from waste of fossil-based products
+      through incineration or decomposition (IPCC 1996 category 6; IPCC 2006 category 4), 
+      not including emissions from organic waste handling and decay
     unit: "{Level-2 Species}"
 
 - Emissions|{Level-2 Species}|Other:
-    description: Emissions of {Level-2 Species} from other sources
+    description: Emissions of {Level-2 Species} from other sources (IPCC 1996 category 7;
+      IPCC 2006 category 5B) including fossil fuel fires and any sources or sinks that
+      cannot be accommodated in other categories
+      notes: This will be treated as a flux from the fossil reservoir to the atmosphere in climate models.
     unit: "{Level-2 Species}"
 
-- Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|Capture and Removal:
-    description: Capture and removal of atmospheric {Level-3 Species} using net-negative
-      technologies that are not directly linked to an emissions source,
-      e.g., direct air capture (DAC) or enhanced weathering
+- Emissions|{Level-3 Species}|Other Capture and Removal:
+    description: Capture and removal of atmospheric {Level-3 Species} using other net-negative 
+      technologies that are not directly linked 
+      to an emissions source, including direct air carbon capture and storage (DACCS) or enhanced 
+      weathering (EW), as well as durable wood products in building elements, mineral products, 
+      ocean fertilization, biomass sinking, ocean alkalinity enhancement (OAE), direct ocean capture
     unit: "{Level-3 Species}"
     note: This timeseries should be reported as negative values so that subcategories of
-      emissions add up to net emissions `Emissions|{Level-3 Species}`.
+      emissions add up to net emissions `Emissions|{Level-3 Species}`. For a breakdown of carbon 
+      removals, see the "Carbon Removal|*" tree