cloudflared: add build UUID

Recent macOS versions require user permissions to use local network
access. This can only be granted for binaries which have a LC_UUID load
command. Go 1.24 adds the UUID by default, but the fix was backported to
Go 1.22.9 and 1.23 where it requires passing `-B gobuildid` to the linker.

Cloudflared uses Cloudflare's Go fork which is based on Go 1.22.5 which
doesn't have the backport. Because of this, cloudflare can't talk to any
machine on the local network (`no route to host`) when it's runnning as
a non-root user.

Upstream bug: cloudflare/cloudflared#1460

This workaround updates the Go fork to `go1.22.12-devel-cf` and adds `-B
gobuildid` so that the binary now has a UUID:

```
❯ dwarfdump --uuid /opt/homebrew/bin/cloudflared
UUID: F2088E17-03A1-34B1-F12C-0DF01F00BA32 (arm64) /opt/homebrew/bin/cloudflared
```

Author: IngmarStein

Formula/c/cloudflared.rb

@@ -18,11 +18,15 @@ class Cloudflared < Formula
   depends_on "go" => :build
 
   def install
+    # https://github.com/cloudflare/cloudflared/issues/1460
+    # build with newer Go version to pick up the backported "-B gobuildid" flag
+    inreplace ".teamcity/install-cloudflare-go.sh", "af19da5605ca11f85776ef7af3384a02a315a52b", "37bc41c6ff79507200a315b72834fce6ca427a7e"
     system "make", "install",
       "VERSION=#{version}",
       "DATE=#{time.iso8601}",
       "PACKAGE_MANAGER=#{tap.user}",
-      "PREFIX=#{prefix}"
+      "PREFIX=#{prefix}",
+      "LDFLAGS=-ldflags='-B gobuildid -X \"main.Version=#{version}\" -X \"main.BuildTime=#{time.iso8601}\"'"
   end
 
   service do