diff --git a/app/src-tauri/Cargo.toml b/app/src-tauri/Cargo.toml
index d44215c3..39a93677 100644
--- a/app/src-tauri/Cargo.toml
+++ b/app/src-tauri/Cargo.toml
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ nusamai-plateau = { path = "../../nusamai-plateau" }
 nusamai-citygml = {path = "../../nusamai-citygml" }
 log = "0.4.22"
 tauri-plugin-log = "2.0.3"
-thiserror = "1.0.69"
+thiserror = "2.0.11"
 tauri-plugin-fs = "2.1.0"
 tauri-plugin-shell = "2.0.2"
 tauri-plugin-dialog = "2.0.4"
diff --git a/nusamai-citygml/Cargo.toml b/nusamai-citygml/Cargo.toml
index 1c8f32f9..64a58357 100644
--- a/nusamai-citygml/Cargo.toml
+++ b/nusamai-citygml/Cargo.toml
@@ -18,5 +18,5 @@ nusamai-projection = { path = "../nusamai-projection"}
 quick-xml = "0.37.1"
 serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"], optional = true }
 serde_json = { version = "1.0.133", features = ["indexmap"], optional = true }
-thiserror = "1.0"
+thiserror = "2"
 url = { version = "2.5.4", features = ["serde"] }
diff --git a/nusamai-gpkg/Cargo.toml b/nusamai-gpkg/Cargo.toml
index 49f8ca80..63f9a60c 100644
--- a/nusamai-gpkg/Cargo.toml
+++ b/nusamai-gpkg/Cargo.toml
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ edition = "2021"
 [dependencies]
 sqlx = { version = "0.8.2", features = ["sqlite", "runtime-tokio"] }
 flatgeom = "0.0"
-thiserror = "1.0.69"
+thiserror = "2"
 url = "2.5.4"
 indexmap = "2.7.0"
 
diff --git a/nusamai-projection/Cargo.toml b/nusamai-projection/Cargo.toml
index b98bf80b..3f1bd350 100644
--- a/nusamai-projection/Cargo.toml
+++ b/nusamai-projection/Cargo.toml
@@ -5,4 +5,4 @@ edition = "2021"
 
 [dependencies]
 japan-geoid = "0.4.1"
-thiserror = "1.0.69"
+thiserror = "2"
diff --git a/nusamai/Cargo.toml b/nusamai/Cargo.toml
index 0d393f7c..b55a332b 100644
--- a/nusamai/Cargo.toml
+++ b/nusamai/Cargo.toml
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ nusamai-plateau = { path = "../nusamai-plateau" }
 nusamai-citygml = { path = "../nusamai-citygml" }
 quick-xml = "0.37.1"
 clap = { version = "4.5.21", features = ["derive", "string"] }
-thiserror = "1.0.69"
+thiserror = "2"
 ctrlc = "3.4.5"
 bincode = { version = "2.0.0-rc.3", default-features = false, features = ["std", "serde"] }
 lz4_flex = "0.11.3"
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ cesiumtiles = { git = "https://github.com/MIERUNE/cesiumtiles-rs.git" }
 flatgeom = { version = "0.0", features = ["serde"] }
 nusamai-czml = { path = "../nusamai-czml" }
 nusamai-projection = { path = "../nusamai-projection" }
-tinymvt = "0.0.1"
+tinymvt = "0.0.3"
 fastanvil = "0.31.0"
 fastnbt = "2.5.0"
 geojson = "0.24.1"
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ byteorder = "1.5.0"
 hashbrown = { version = "0.15.2", features = ["serde"] }
 log = { version = "0.4.22" }
 pretty_env_logger = "0.5.0"
-itertools = "0.13"
+itertools = "0.14"
 prost = "0.13.3"
 bytesize = "1.3.0"
 ahash = "0.8.11"
@@ -54,10 +54,10 @@ dda-voxelize = "0.2.0-alpha.1"
 atlas-packer = { git = "https://github.com/MIERUNE/atlas-packer.git" }
 # atlas-packer = { path = "../atlas_packer" };
 tempfile = "3.14.0"
-glam = "0.29.2"
+glam = "0.30"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
-rand = "0.8.5"
+rand = "0.9.0"
 tokio = { version = "1.41", features = ["full"] }
 byteorder = "1.5.0"
 glob = "0.3.1"
diff --git a/nusamai/tests/pipeline.rs b/nusamai/tests/pipeline.rs
index b46dff4e..26317348 100644
--- a/nusamai/tests/pipeline.rs
+++ b/nusamai/tests/pipeline.rs
@@ -40,10 +40,11 @@ impl DataSource for DummySource {
     }
 
     fn run(&mut self, sink: Sender, feedback: &Feedback) -> Result<()> {
+        let mut rng = rand::rng();
         for _i in 0..100 {
             feedback.ensure_not_canceled()?;
             std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(
-                (5.0 + random::<f32>() * 10.0) as u64,
+                (5.0 + rng.random::<f32>() * 10.0) as u64,
             ));
             let obj = Parcel {
                 entity: Entity {
@@ -104,11 +105,12 @@ struct DummySink {}
 
 impl DataSink for DummySink {
     fn run(&mut self, upstream: Receiver, feedback: &Feedback, _schema: &Schema) -> Result<()> {
+        let mut rng = rand::rng();
         for parcel in upstream {
             feedback.ensure_not_canceled()?;
 
             std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(
-                (5.0 + random::<f32>() * 20.0) as u64,
+                (5.0 + rng.random::<f32>() * 20.0) as u64,
             ));
             feedback.info(format!("dummy sink received: {:?}", parcel))
         }