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Add: update creation and last updated dates for arrhythmias and basic…
…s questions; add new ECG interpretation and medications questions
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--- | ||
id: CARD-SF004 | ||
specialty: cardiology | ||
topic: ecg | ||
difficulty: medium | ||
type: shortform | ||
tags: [cardiology, ecg, diagnosis, emergencies, copilot] | ||
created: 2025-01-09 | ||
lastUpdated: 2025-01-09 | ||
--- | ||
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# ECG Interpretation Quick Questions | ||
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## Question 1 | ||
Which ECG finding best predicts anterior STEMI? | ||
A) ST elevation V1-V4 | ||
B) ST elevation II, III, aVF | ||
C) ST elevation I, aVL | ||
D) ST elevation V5-V6 | ||
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<details> | ||
<summary>Answer</summary> | ||
A) ST elevation V1-V4 - LAD territory | ||
</details> | ||
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## Question 2 | ||
Wellens' syndrome T-wave pattern suggests: | ||
A) Proximal LAD stenosis | ||
B) Right coronary occlusion | ||
C) Left circumflex lesion | ||
D) Pulmonary embolism | ||
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<details> | ||
<summary>Answer</summary> | ||
A) Proximal LAD stenosis - Critical finding requiring urgent cath | ||
</details> | ||
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## Question 3 | ||
Delta wave indicates: | ||
A) WPW syndrome | ||
B) Bundle branch block | ||
C) Hyperkalemia | ||
D) Pericarditis | ||
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<details> | ||
<summary>Answer</summary> | ||
A) WPW syndrome - Pre-excitation pattern | ||
</details> | ||
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## Question 4 | ||
S1Q3T3 pattern suggests: | ||
A) Acute MI | ||
B) Pulmonary embolism | ||
C) Left ventricular hypertrophy | ||
D) Right bundle branch block | ||
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<details> | ||
<summary>Answer</summary> | ||
B) Pulmonary embolism - Classic but not sensitive finding | ||
</details> | ||
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## Question 5 | ||
Normal QTc range in milliseconds: | ||
A) 350-450 | ||
B) 450-550 | ||
C) 550-650 | ||
D) 250-350 | ||
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<details> | ||
<summary>Answer</summary> | ||
A) 350-450 - >500ms increases arrhythmia risk | ||
</details> | ||
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## References | ||
- ACC/AHA STEMI Guidelines 2022 | ||
- Heart Rhythm Society Guidelines 2023 | ||
- NEJM 2021: "ECG Interpretation in Acute Cardiac Care" |
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--- | ||
id: CARD-SF003 | ||
specialty: cardiology | ||
topic: medications | ||
difficulty: easy | ||
type: shortform | ||
tags: [cardiology, pharmacology, treatment, copilot] | ||
created: 2025-01-09 | ||
lastUpdated: 2025-01-09 | ||
--- | ||
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# Cardiac Medications Quick Questions | ||
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## Question 1 | ||
Which ACE inhibitor has highest tissue penetration? | ||
A) Lisinopril | ||
B) Ramipril | ||
C) Enalapril | ||
D) Quinapril | ||
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<details> | ||
<summary>Answer</summary> | ||
B) Ramipril - Highest tissue ACE inhibition | ||
</details> | ||
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## Question 2 | ||
Direct renin inhibitor available for hypertension: | ||
A) Aliskiren | ||
B) Valsartan | ||
C) Spironolactone | ||
D) Eplerenone | ||
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<details> | ||
<summary>Answer</summary> | ||
A) Aliskiren - Only approved direct renin inhibitor | ||
</details> | ||
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## Question 3 | ||
Calcium channel blocker least likely to cause edema: | ||
A) Amlodipine | ||
B) Nifedipine | ||
C) Diltiazem | ||
D) Felodipine | ||
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<details> | ||
<summary>Answer</summary> | ||
C) Diltiazem - Non-dihydropyridine causes less edema | ||
</details> | ||
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## Question 4 | ||
SGLT2 inhibitor with proven mortality benefit in HFrEF: | ||
A) Canagliflozin | ||
B) Dapagliflozin | ||
C) Empagliflozin | ||
D) B and C | ||
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<details> | ||
<summary>Answer</summary> | ||
D) B and C - DAPA-HF and EMPEROR-Reduced trials | ||
</details> | ||
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## Question 5 | ||
Most potent statin for LDL reduction: | ||
A) Atorvastatin | ||
B) Rosuvastatin | ||
C) Simvastatin | ||
D) Pravastatin | ||
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<details> | ||
<summary>Answer</summary> | ||
B) Rosuvastatin - Highest potency per mg | ||
</details> | ||
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## References | ||
- ACC/AHA Guidelines 2023 | ||
- ESC Guidelines 2022 | ||
- NEJM 2021: "Contemporary Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy" |