Consider accessible description in the rules that use link context (5effbb, fd3a94)

_rules/link-in-context-descriptive-5effbb.md

@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ This rule applies to any [inheriting semantic][] `link` for which all the follow
 
 ## Expectation
 
-The [accessible name][] of each target element together with its [programmatically determined link context][] describes the purpose of the link.
+The [accessible name][] of each target element together with its [accessible description][] and [programmatically determined link context][] describes the purpose of the link.
 
 ## Background
 
@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ The [accessible name][] of each target element together with its [programmatical
 
 - This rule assumes that all [semantic][semantic role] `link` elements are used as links. An element marked up as a link, but that does not behave as a link would not fail success criteria [2.4.4 Link Purpose (In Context)][sc244] or [2.4.9 Link Purpose (Link only)][sc249].
 
+- This rule assumes that "link text" as referred to in WCAG encompasses both the [accessible name][] and [description][accessible description] of the target element. 
+
 ### Accessibility Support
 
 - Implementation of [Presentational Roles Conflict Resolution][] varies from one browser or assistive technology to another. Depending on this, some [semantic][semantic role] `link` elements can fail this rule with some technology but users of other technologies would not experience any accessibility issue.
@@ -98,6 +100,28 @@ The [accessible name][] describes the purpose of the link.
 
 #### Passed Example 3
 
+The [accessible name][] together with the [accessible description][] describes the purpose of the link.
+
+```html
+<a href="#desc" title="See the product's description">More</a>
+
+<p id="desc">This product consists of several web pages.</p>
+```
+
+#### Passed Example 4
+
+The [accessible name][] together with the [accessible description][] describes the purpose of the link.
+
+```html
+<a href="#desc" aria-describedby="link-desc">More</a>
+
+<p id="link-desc" style="display: none">See the product's description.</p>
+
+<p id="desc">This product consists of several web pages.</p>
+```
+
+#### Passed Example 5
+
 The [accessible name][] (from the link's text), together with its [programmatically determined link context][] (available from the text in the closest `p` ancestor), describes the purpose of the link.
 
 ```html
@@ -106,7 +130,7 @@ The [accessible name][] (from the link's text), together with its [programmatica
 <p id="desc">This product consists of several web pages.</p>
 ```
 
-#### Passed Example 4
+#### Passed Example 6
 
 The [accessible name][] (from the link's text) describes the purpose of the link.
 
@@ -116,7 +140,7 @@ The [accessible name][] (from the link's text) describes the purpose of the link
 <p id="desc">This product consists of several web pages.</p>
 ```
 
-#### Passed Example 5
+#### Passed Example 7
 
 The [programmatically determined link context][] (provided by the ancestor with a role of `listitem` and text "Ulysses") and the [accessible name][] (from the link's text) describe the purpose of the links.
 
@@ -137,7 +161,7 @@ The [programmatically determined link context][] (provided by the ancestor with
 </ul>
 ```
 
-#### Passed Example 6
+#### Passed Example 8
 
 The [programmatically determined link context][] (provided by the table header [assigned](https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/tables.html#algorithm-for-assigning-header-cells) to the cell containing the link) and the [accessible name][] (from the link's text) describe the purpose of the links.
 
@@ -158,7 +182,7 @@ The [programmatically determined link context][] (provided by the table header [
 </table>
 ```
 
-#### Passed Example 7
+#### Passed Example 9
 
 The [accessible name][] describes the purpose of the link.
 
@@ -180,7 +204,7 @@ The [accessible name][] describes the purpose of the link.
 </main>
 ```
 
-#### Passed Example 8
+#### Passed Example 10
 
 The [programmatically determined link context][] (provided by the cell containing the link) and the [accessible name][] (from the link's text) describe the purpose of the links.
 
@@ -201,7 +225,7 @@ The [programmatically determined link context][] (provided by the cell containin
 </table>
 ```
 
-#### Passed Example 9
+#### Passed Example 11
 
 The [programmatically determined link context][] (provided by the element referenced by the `aria-describedby` attribute) and the [accessible name][] (from the link's text) describe the purpose of the links.
 
@@ -339,6 +363,7 @@ This `a` element is not a [semantic][semantic role] `link`, because it has no `h
 ```
 
 [accessible name]: #accessible-name 'Definition of Accessible Name'
+[accessible description]: #accessible-description 'Definition of Accessible Description'
 [included in the accessibility tree]: #included-in-the-accessibility-tree 'Definition of Included in the Accessibility Tree'
 [presentational roles conflict resolution]: https://www.w3.org/TR/wai-aria-1.2/#conflict_resolution_presentation_none 'Presentational Roles Conflict Resolution'
 [programmatically determined link context]: #programmatically-determined-link-context 'Definition of Programmatically Determined Link Context'

_rules/links-with-identical-names-and-context-serve-equivalent-purpose-fd3a94.md

@@ -40,9 +40,10 @@ This rule applies to any set of two or more [HTML or SVG elements][] for which a
 - the elements are in the same [web page (HTML)][]; and
 - the elements are [included in the accessibility tree][included in the accessibility tree]; and
 - the elements have [matching][] [accessible names][accessible name] that are not empty (`""`); and
-- the elements have the same [programmatically determined link context][].
+- the elements have [matching][] [accessible descriptions][accessible description]; and
+- have the same [programmatically determined link context][].
 
-**Note:** The test target for this rule is the full set of link elements that share the same [matching][] [accessible name][] and [programmatically determined link context][].
+**Note:** The test target for this rule is the full set of link elements that share the same [matching][] [accessible name][], [accessible description][] and [programmatically determined link context][].
 
 ## Expectation
 
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ There are no accessibility support issues known.
 
 #### Passed Example 1
 
-These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][programmatically determined link context] and link to the [same resource][].
+These two HTML `a` elements have the same non-empty [accessible name][], empty [accessible description][], the same [context][programmatically determined link context], and resolve to the [same resource][].
 
 ```html
 <html lang="en">
@@ -98,7 +99,7 @@ These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][prog
 
 #### Passed Example 2
 
-These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][programmatically determined link context], and resolve to the [same resource][] after an instant redirect.
+These two HTML `a` elements have the same non-empty [accessible name][], empty [accessible description][], the same [context][programmatically determined link context], and resolve to the [same resource][] after an instant redirect.
 
 ```html
 <html lang="en">
@@ -113,7 +114,7 @@ These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][prog
 
 #### Passed Example 3
 
-These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][programmatically determined link context], and resolve to identical resources.
+These two HTML `a` elements have the same non-empty [accessible name][], empty [accessible description][], the same [context][programmatically determined link context], and resolve to identical resources.
 
 ```html
 <html lang="en">
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][prog
 
 #### Passed Example 4
 
-These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][programmatically determined link context], and resolve to pages that serve the same purpose because the content section is the same.
+These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][], empty [accessible description][], the same [context][programmatically determined link context], and resolve to pages that serve the same purpose because the content section is the same.
 
 ```html
 <html lang="en">
@@ -145,7 +146,7 @@ These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][prog
 
 #### Passed Example 5
 
-These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][programmatically determined link context], and go to pages that fulfill the same purpose in relation to the link because they contain the same relevant information.
+These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][], empty [accessible description][], the same [context][programmatically determined link context], and go to pages that fulfill the same purpose in relation to the link because they contain the same relevant information.
 
 ```html
 <html lang="en">
@@ -160,7 +161,7 @@ These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][prog
 
 #### Passed Example 6
 
-These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][programmatically determined link context], and go to pages that use different layouts but have the same purpose.
+These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][], empty [accessible description][], the same [context][programmatically determined link context], and go to pages that use different layouts but have the same purpose.
 
 ```html
 <html lang="en">
@@ -176,7 +177,7 @@ These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][prog
 
 #### Passed Example 7
 
-These two HTML `span` elements have an [explicit role][] of link, the same [accessible name][], the same [context][programmatically determined link context], and link to the [same resource][].
+These two HTML `span` elements have an [explicit role][] of link, the same [accessible name][], empty [accessible description][], the same [context][programmatically determined link context], and link to the [same resource][].
 
 ```html
 <html lang="en">
@@ -202,7 +203,7 @@ These two HTML `span` elements have an [explicit role][] of link, the same [acce
 
 #### Passed Example 8
 
-These two SVG `a` and HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][], same [context][programmatically determined link context] and link to the [same resource][].
+These two SVG `a` and HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][], empty [accessible description][], same [context][programmatically determined link context] and link to the [same resource][].
 
 ```html
 <html lang="en">
@@ -220,7 +221,7 @@ These two SVG `a` and HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][], same
 
 #### Passed Example 9
 
-These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][programmatically determined link context], but resolve to different resources. However, the purpose of these links is [ambiguous to users in general](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/#dfn-ambiguous-to-users-in-general). Thus all readers are unsure about the destination and the person with a disability is not at any disadvantage.
+These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][], the same [accessible description][], and the same [context][programmatically determined link context], but go to different resources. However, there is no visual information to let users know that both links resolve to non-equivalent resources. 
 
 ```html
 <html lang="en">
@@ -256,7 +257,7 @@ These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and are nested wit
 
 #### Failed Example 2
 
-These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][programmatically determined link context], but go to different resources.
+These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][], the same [accessible description][] and [context][programmatically determined link context]. They link to web pages that are similar, but have different information in their content.
 
 ```html
 <html lang="en">
@@ -400,7 +401,7 @@ These two SVG `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][progr
 
 #### Failed Example 8
 
-These two HTML `a` elements with the same [accessible name][] and [context][programmatically determined link context] resolve to the [same resource][] after redirect, but the redirect is not instant.
+These two HTML `a` elements with the same [accessible name][], the same [accessible description][], and the same [context][programmatically determined link context], resolve to the [same resource][] after redirect, but the redirect is not instant.
 
 ```html
 <html lang="en">
@@ -448,7 +449,28 @@ These two HTML `a` elements have different [accessible names][accessible name].
 
 #### Inapplicable Example 3
 
-These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and link to the [same resource][] but different [programmatically determined link contexts][programmatically determined link context].
+These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible names][accessible name] but different [accessible descriptions][accessible description].
+
+```html
+<html lang="en">
+	<p>
+		<a
+			href="/test-assets/links-with-identical-names-serve-equivalent-purpose-b20e66/about/contact.html"
+			title="To learn more about us"
+			>Contact</a
+		>
+		<a
+			href="/test-assets/links-with-identical-names-serve-equivalent-purpose-b20e66/about/contact.html"
+			title="To know how to reach us"
+			>Contact</a
+		>
+	</p>
+</html>
+```
+
+#### Inapplicable Example 4
+
+These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][], , the same [accessible description][], and link to the [same resource][] but different [programmatically determined link contexts][programmatically determined link context].
 
 ```html
 <html lang="en">
@@ -465,7 +487,7 @@ These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and link to the [s
 </html>
 ```
 
-#### Inapplicable Example 4
+#### Inapplicable Example 5
 
 These two `span` elements do not have a [semantic role][] of link.
 
@@ -483,9 +505,9 @@ These two `span` elements do not have a [semantic role][] of link.
 </html>
 ```
 
-#### Inapplicable Example 5
+#### Inapplicable Example 6
 
-These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and link to the [same resource][] but different [programmatically determined link contexts][programmatically determined link context]. Even though the two contexts in this example are _identical_, they are not the _same_. That is: even though they have equivalent content, they do not consist of the same DOM elements.
+These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][], the same [accessible description][], and link to the [same resource][] but different [programmatically determined link contexts][programmatically determined link context]. Even though the two contexts in this example are *identical*, they are not the *same*. That is: even though they have equivalent content, they do not consist of the same DOM elements.
 
 ```html
 <html lang="en">
@@ -500,16 +522,16 @@ These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and link to the [s
 </html>
 ```
 
-#### Inapplicable Example 6
+#### Inapplicable Example 7
 
-These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] but different [programmatically determined link contexts][programmatically determined link context] because the `div` elements place them in different display blocks.
+These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][], the same [accessible description][], but different [programmatically determined link contexts][programmatically determined link context] because the `div` elements place them in different display blocks.
 
 ```html
 <div><a href="https://www.w3.org/WAI/">Read more</a> about the W3C WAI</div>
 <div><a href="https://www.w3.org/International/">Read more</a> about the W3C internationalization</div>
 ```
 
-#### Inapplicable Example 7
+#### Inapplicable Example 8
 
 These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][programmatically determined link context], but the second one is not [included in the accessibility tree][included in the accessibility tree].
 
@@ -524,6 +546,7 @@ These two HTML `a` elements have the same [accessible name][] and [context][prog
 ```
 
 [accessible name]: #accessible-name 'Definition of accessible name'
+[accessible description]: #accessible-description 'Definition of Accessible Description'
 [document]: https://dom.spec.whatwg.org/#concept-document 'Definition of document'
 [equivalent resource]: #equivalent-resource 'Definition of Equivalent Resource'
 [explicit role]: #explicit-role 'Definition of explicit role'

pages/glossary/accessible-description.md

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+---
+title: Accessible Description
+key: accessible-description
+unambiguous: true
+objective: true
+input_aspects:
+  - Accessibility tree
+  - CSS styling
+  - DOM tree
+---
+
+The _accessible description_ is the programmatically determined description of a user interface element that is [included in the accessibility tree](#included-in-the-accessibility-tree). The accessible description provides information that complements the [accessible name][].
+
+The accessible description is calculated using the [accessible name and description computation][].
+
+For native markup languages, such as HTML and SVG, additional information on how to calculate the accessible description can be found in [HTML Accessibility API Mappings 1.0, Accessible Name and Description Computation (working draft)](https://www.w3.org/TR/html-aam/#accessible-name-and-description-computation) and [SVG Accessibility API Mappings, Name and Description (working draft)](https://www.w3.org/TR/svg-aam/#mapping_additional).
+
+**Note:** As per the [accessible name and description computation][], each element with the 'aria-describedby' property always has an accessible description.
+
+[accessible name]: #accessible-name 'Definition of Accessible Name'
+[accessible name and description computation]: https://www.w3.org/TR/accname 'Accessible Name and Description Computation'

pages/glossary/programmatically-determined-link-context.md

@@ -13,8 +13,7 @@ The _programmatically determined context_ of a link (or _programmatically determ
 - being an [ancestor][] of the link in the [flat tree][] with a [semantic role][] of `listitem`; or
 - being the closest [ancestor][] of the link in the [flat tree][] that generates a [block container][]; or
 - being the closest [ancestor][] of the link in the [flat tree][] that has a [semantic role][] of `cell` or `gridcell`; or
-- being a header cell [assigned][] to the closest [ancestor][] of the link in the [flat tree][] that has a [semantic role][] of `cell` or `gridcell`; or
-- being referenced by an `aria-describedby` attribute of the link.
+- being a header cell [assigned][] to the closest [ancestor][] of the link in the [flat tree][] that has a [semantic role][] of `cell` or `gridcell`.
 
 This definition is based on (but not equivalent to) the [WCAG definition of programmatically determined link context](https://www.w3.org/TR/WCAG22/#dfn-programmatically-determined-link-context).