This working document contains notes about technical insights on the wallet secure cryptographic device (WSCD). For context, see Wallet Secure Cryptographic Commons.
From a 2024-11-30 LinkedIn post:
Combining the options from ARF v1.4 § 4.3 and the examples from HDKeys v01 § 5.1:
- Remote WSCD, for example:
- cryptographic module (hardware security module, HSM) certified against EN 419221-5:2018, running for example a local client application providing a WSCA service.
- Local External WSCD, for example:
- standalone device, for example:
- GlobalPlatform secure element, running for example a Java Card applet providing a WSCA service for:
- Personal Identity Verification (PIV);
- Fast IDentity Online 2 (FIDO2).
- GlobalPlatform secure element, running for example a Java Card applet providing a WSCA service for:
- standalone device, for example:
- Local WSCD, for example:
- standalone programmable cryptographic chip, for example:
- smartphone embedded universal integrated circuit card (eUICC), running for example a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) providing a WSCA service, also called eSIM;
- smartphone embedded secure element (eSE), running for example a Java Card applet providing a WSCA service.
- preprogrammed security platform, for example:
- Android trusted execution environment used as a WSCA service;
- Android StrongBox secure element used as a WSCA service;
- iOS Secure Enclave system-on-chip used as a WSCA service;
- Trusted Platform Module (TPM) used as a WSCA service.
- standalone programmable cryptographic chip, for example:
- Hybrid.
When critical assets such as the PID-bound private key are fully managed by a Remote WSCD, the architecture is still considered to be a Remote WSCD architecture, even if other devices are used for authentication. For example:
- combination of PIV card as possession factor and PIN verification in an HSM (an approach proposed by Sweden);
- combination of Android/iOS security platform or standalone device, with verification in an HSM (an approach proposed in SCAL3).
- Cryptographic Service Provider 2 (CSP2), BSI TR-03181 Version 0.94