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    <div class="container">
      <div class="line">
        <div class="headTitle">多语言速查表</div>
        <div class="langTitle">TypeScript <a href="https://www.typescriptlang.org/play" target="_blank">Play</a></div><div class="langTitle">Golang <a href="https://go.dev/play/" target="_blank">Play</a></div><div class="langTitle">Rust <a href="https://play.rust-lang.org/" target="_blank">Play</a></div><div class="langTitle">C++ <a href="https://www.onlinegdb.com/online_c++_compiler" target="_blank">Play</a></div>
      </div>
      <div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">基本概念</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">变量</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">单个变量</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">const a: number= 1;
let b: string = 'str';
var c: boolean = false;</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">const a int = 1;
var b string = "str";
c := false;</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">// a 为 不可变变量，即不能改变值
let a: u64 = 1;
// 不可变变量可以重新定义
// rust 支持自动类型推导
let a = 2;
// 使用 mut 关键词，使变量可变
let mut ma = 1;
// ma = "abc"; 报错，类型错误
// ma = 1.2; 报错，类型错误，精度损失
const b = "str"
let c = true;
let d: bool = false;
</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">const int a = 123;
int a(123); // C++
int a{123}; // C++ 11
int a = {123};
char b[] = "str";
bool c = false;</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">多个变量</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">let d: number = 1, e: number = 2;
const f: number = 1, g: number = 2;</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">var a, b  = 1, 2;
const (
  a = 1
  b = 2
  c = 3
)</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">let (a, b, c) = (42, "hello", 5.0);</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">int d = 1, e = 2;
const int f = 1, g = 2;
</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 101px">注释</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">// 单行注释
/* 多行注释 */ </code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">// 单行注释
/* 多行注释 */ </code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">// 单行注释
/// 三个反斜也可以
/* 多行注释 */ </code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">// 单行注释
/* 多行注释 */ </code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">类型</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">基本类型</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">字符串</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">let str: string = 'str';</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">var str string = "str";
var str = "str";</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">// 字符
let char1: char = 'a';
let char2 = 'a';
// 字符串
let str1 = "string";
let str1: &str = "string";
let mut str2 = String::new();
str2 = str1.to_string();
// " 与 ' 都需要使用 \ 转义
let str1 = "\"test\"";
// 如果不想转义，可以使用 原始字符串
let str1 = r#"sam said: "xxx"."#
// 如果原始字符串中出现 #，两侧需要更多的 #
let str1 = r###"##"###;</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">char str[4] = {"s", "t", "r", "\0"};
char str[] = "str";
// #include &lt;string&gt;
std::string str = "str";
</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">数字</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">let num: number = 123;</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">var num int = 123;</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">let num = 123; // i32
let num64: i64 = 123;
let float64 = 2.0; // f64
let float32: f32 = 3.0; // f32</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">int num = 123;</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">布尔值</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">const bf: boolean = false;</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">var f bool = false;
f := false;</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">let c = true;
let d: bool = false;</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">bool f = false;</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">数组</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">定义</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">let arr: Array&lt;number&gt; = [1, 2];</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">// 数组
arr := [2]int{1, 2};
var arr = [...]int{1, 2};
// 切片
arr := []int{1, 2}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">let arr = [1, 2];
// [类型;数量]
let arr: [i32;2] = [1, 2];
// 都初始化为 -1
let arr: [i32;2] = [-1;2];
// 可变长数组 vector
let varr: Vec&lt;i32&gt; = Vec::new();
// rust 提供了宏 vec! 根据值创建 vector
ler mut varr = vec![1,2];</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">int arr[2] = {1, 2};
int arr[] {1, 2};</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">获取长度</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">arr.length === 2</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">len(arr) == 2</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">arr.len() == 2</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">sizeof arr /sizeof(arr[0]) == 2;
// C++ 11
int length = std::end(arr) - std::begin(arr);</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">遍历</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">arr.forEach((item: number, i: number) =&gt; {
  // do something
});
arr.map((item: number, i: number) =&gt; {
  return item;
});</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">for index, value := range arr {
  // do something
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">// 迭代值
for val in arr.iter(){
    println!("value is :{}", val);
}
for index in 0..2 {
    println!("index is: {} & value is : {}",index, arr[index]);
}
// 遍历 vector 数组
for i in &mut varr {
    println!("{}", i);
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">for (int index = 0; index &lt; len; index ++) {
  int value = arr[i];
}
// C++ 11
for (auto value : arr) {}
</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">截取</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">arr.slice(0, 1)</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">arr[0:1]</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">&arr[0..1];
// 包含结尾元素需要加 =
&arr[0..=0];</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">int a[1];
for (int index = 0, aIndex = 0; index &lt; 1; index ++, aIndex ++) {
  a[aIndex] = arr[index];
}</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">连接</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">var strArr: string[] = ['a', 'b'];
strArr.join(',')</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">import "strings"
var strArr = [...]string{"a", "b"};
strings.Join(strArr, ",");</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">// "hello world"
["hello", "world"].join(" ");
// [1, 2, 0, 3, 4]
[[1, 2], [3, 4]].join(&0)
// [1, 2, 3, 4]
[[1, 2], [3, 4]].join(&[][..])

// Vec&lt;String&gt; Join(&str)
let va = vec!["1","2","3"];
// 1-2-3
va.join("-");</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">// #include &lt;sstream&gt;

std::stringstream ss;
int len = sizeof a / sizeof a[0];
for(int i = 0; i &lt; len; i ++) {
   ss &lt;&lt; a[i] &lt;&lt; (i &lt; len - 1 ? ".": "");
}
</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">Map</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">创建</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">let map: Map&lt;string, string&gt; = new Map()</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">mapa := make(map[string]string)</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">use std::collections::HashMap;
let mut map = HashMap::new();
// 或者也可以通过 array 来初始化
let mut map2 = HashMap::from([
    ("key1", "value1"),
    ("key2", "value2"),
])</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">// #include &lt;map&gt;
typedef std::map&lt;std::string, std::string&gt; STR_MAP;
STR_MAP mapa;</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">设置</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">map = map.set('a', 'b');</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">mapa["a"] = "b";</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">map.insert(
    "key".to_string(),
    "value"
);</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">// 1. 直接设置，可覆盖
mapa["a"] = "b";

// 2. insert，当已存在key，则失败
// #include &lt;utility&gt;
std::pair&lt;STR_MAP::iterator, bool&gt; Pair;
Pair result = mapa.insert(STR_MAP::value_type("a", "b"));
result.second == 1;</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">长度</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">const mapalen = map.size;</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">mapalen := len(mapa);</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">map.len();</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">int mapalen = mapa.size();</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">读取</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">const mapValue: string = map.get('a');</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">mapa["a"]</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">// get 的参数类型为 &Q
map.get(&"key".to_string());
map["key"];
map[&"key".to_string()];</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">// 1. 直接读取
mapa["a"]
// 2. 通过迭代器来读取
MAP_STR::iterator ite = mapa.find("c");
if (ite != mapa.end()) {
  std::string key = ite-&gt;first;
  std::string value = ite-&gt;second;
}
</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">删除</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">map.delete('a');</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">delete(mapa, "a");</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">map.remove(&"key".to_string());</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">
// 1. 用关键字刪除
// 如果刪除了會返回1，否則返回0
int n = mapa.erase("a");

// 2. 用迭代器刪除
MAP_STR::iterator iter = mapa.find("c");
mapa.erase(iter);
</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">遍历</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">for (let [key, value] of map) {
   // do something
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">for key, value := range mapa {}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">for (key, value) in &map {
    println!("{}: \"{}\"", key, value);
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">MAP_STR::iterator iter = mapa.begin();
while(iter != mapa.end()) {
  std::string key = ite-&gt;first;
  std::string value = ite-&gt;second;
  iter ++;
}
</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">结构</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">定义</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">interface Obj {
  name: number;
};
let obj: Obj = {
  name: 123
};</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">obj := struct {
  name int
}{ 123 };</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">struct StructItem {
    str: String,
    i: u32
}
let str = String::from("123");
let s = StructItem {
    str,
    i: 123
}
let s2 = StructItem {
    i: 124,
    ..s
}
// 元祖结构体
struct T1(u32, u32)；
let t = T1(1,2);</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">struct STR {
  std::string name;
  int age;
};

struct STR obj = { "test", 20 };
// 也可以忽略struct 和 等号
STR obj { "test", 20 };
</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">获取属性值</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">const objKeys: string[] = Object.keys(obj);
</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">t := reflect.TypeOf(obj);
for i := 0; i &lt; t.NumField(); i++ {
  t.Field(i).Name;
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">s2.str; // 123
t.1; // 2</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">// 不支持
</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">正则表达式</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">定义</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">const reg: RegExp = /a(b)/i;</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">reg, _ := regexp.Compile("(?i)a");</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">// #include &lt;regex&gt;
std::regex reg("a", std::regex_constants::icase);</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">是否匹配</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">const isMatch: boolean = reg.test('A');</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">// 1. 直接匹配
match, _ := regexp.MatchString("(?i)a","A");
// 2. 先定义，后匹配
reg, _ := regexp.Compile("(?i)a");
match, _ := reg.MatchString("A");</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">std::string s = "A";
bool match = std::regex_search(s, reg);</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">匹配结果</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">let matchRes = reg.exec('abcd');
let [match, capture1] = matchRes;
// match === 'ab'
// capture1 === 'b'
let matchIndex: number = matchRes.index;
// matchIndex === 0
</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">reg, _ := regexp.Compile("a(b)");
res, _ := reg.FindStringSubmatch("abcd");
match := res[0];
// match === 'ab'
capture1 := res[1];
// capture1 === 'b'
indexRes := reg.FindStringIndex("abcd");
index := indexRes[0]
// index === 0
</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">std::smatch submatch;
std::regex_match(s, submatch, reg);
std::ssub_match matchRes = submatch[0];
std::string match = matchRes.str();
// match === 'ab'
std::ssub_match capture1Res = submatch[1];
std::string capture1Res = capture1Res.str();
// capture1 === 'b'</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 101px">枚举</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"></div><div class="lang"></div><div class="lang"></div><div class="lang"></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">语句</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 101px">条件</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">if (true) {
} else if (true) {
} else { }</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">if true {}
else if true {}
else { }</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">// 条件可以忽略小括号
if a &gt; 0 {
} else if (a &lt; 0) {
} else {
}
// 还能赋值，等同三元运算符
let b = if (a &gt; 0) { 1 } else { 0 }</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">

</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">循环</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">for</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">// 普通for循环
for(let i = 0; i&lt;10; i++) { }
// 仅判断
for(; Math.random()&lt;0.5;) {}
// 无限循环
for(;;) {}
// 遍历索引
for(let index in arr) { }
// 遍历元素
for(let value of arr) {}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">// 普通for循环
for i:= 0; i&lt; 10; i++ { }
// 仅判断
for i&lt;10 {}
for ;i&lt;10; {}
// 无限循环
for {}
// 遍历索引
for index, _ := range array {}
// 遍历元素
for _, value := range array {}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">let a = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50];
for i in 0..5 {
    println!("a[{}] = {}", i, a[i]);
}
for i in a.iter() {
    println!("a[{}] = {}", i, a[i]);
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">// 普通for循环

// 仅判断

// 无限循环

// 遍历索引

// 遍历元素
</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">while</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">while(Math.random()&lt;0.5) {}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">for i&lt;10 {}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">let mut number = 1;
while number != 4 {
    number += 1;
}
// 无限循环

let mut i = 0;
// 支持 break 出来的值赋值
let num = loop {
    if i == 10 {
        break i;
    }
    i += 1;
};
num == 10;</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++"></code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">选择</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">switch</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">switch(value) {
  case 1:
    break; // 退出需要break
  case 2:
  case 3:
    break;
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">switch value {
  case 1:  // 退出 不需要 break
  case 2:
    fallthrough; // 继续下一个case
  case 3:
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust">let num = 3;
match num {
    1|2=&gt;println!("&lt;3"),
    3=&gt;println!("=3"),
    4..=20=&gt; println!("4&lt;= x &lt;= 20"),
    _=&gt;println!("other"),
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">





</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 101px">错误捕获</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">try {
  throw new Error('msg');
} catch(err) {
  // 错误处理
}
</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">value, err := func();
if err != nil {
  // 错误处理
}
</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">




</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">方法与类</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">方法</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">普通方法</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">function sum(a: number, b: number) {
  return a + b;
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">func sum(a int, b int) int {
  return a + b;
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">

</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">匿名方法</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">let sumFun = (a: number, b: number) =&gt; {
  return a + b;
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">sum := (a int, b int) int {
  return a + b;
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">

</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">IIFE</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">((a: number, b: number) =&gt; {
  return a + b;
})(1, 2);
</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">(a int, b int) int {
  return a + b;
}(1, 2);
</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">


</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">类</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">声明</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">class A {
  private a: number;
  constructor(a: number) {
    this.a = a;
  }
  public method() {}
  private log() {}
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">type A struct {
  a number
}
func (a *A) Method {}
func (a *A) log { }</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">






</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">继承</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">class B extends A {
  public method() {
    super.method();
  }
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">type B struct {
  A
}
func (b *B) method() {
  b.A.method();
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">



</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">实例化</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">let instance: A = new A(123);
</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">b := B{
  A: A{
    a: 123
  }
};</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">
</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">数据处理</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">JSON</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">定义</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">`{
  "number": 1,
  "boolean": false,
  "string": "str",
  "arr": [
      12,
      "abc"
  ],
  "obj": {
      "name": "name",
      "age": 12
  }
}`</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">type JStruct struct {
  Number  int   `json:"number"`
  Boolean bool  `json:"boolean"`
  String  string  `json:"string"`
  Arr []interface{} `json:"arr"`
  Obj struct {
    Name string `json:"name"`
    Age  int  `json:"age"`
  } `json:"obj"`
}</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">











</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">编码</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">const jsonStr: string = JSON.stringify({
  name: 123
});</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">import "encoding/json"
a := struct {
  Name int `json:name`
}{123}
jsonStr, _ := json.Marshal(a)</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">

</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">解码</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">const jsonObj = JSON.parse('{"name": 123}');
</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">str := `'{"name": 123}`;
strBytes := []btye(str);
var jsonStruct JStruct;
json.Unmarshal(strBytes, &jsonStruct);
</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">
</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">时间</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">当前时间戳</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">const now: number = Date.now();</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">import "time"
time.Now().Unix();</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++"></code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">获取时间</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">const date = new Date();
date.getFullYear(); // 年
date.getMonth() + 1; // 月
date.getDate(); // 日
date.getHours(); // 时
date.getMinutes(); // 分
date.getSeconds(); // 秒
</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">import "time"
now := time.Now();
now.Year(); // 年
int(now.Month()); // 月
now.Day(); // 日
now.Hour(); //时
now.Minute(); // 分
int(now.Second()); // 秒，有小数
</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">






</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="">系统变量</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">当前代码文件</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">__filename</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">import "runtime"
_, filename, _, _ := runtime.Caller(1)</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++"></code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">当前代码目录</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">__dirname</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">import (
  "runtime"
  "path"
)
_, filename, _, _ := runtime.Caller(1)
dirname := path.Dir(filename)</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++"></code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">进程启动路径</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">process.cwd()</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">import "os"
dir, _ := os.Getwd() </code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++"></code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">环境变量</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">process.env.ENV_NAME</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">import "os"
os.Getenv("ENV_NAME")</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++"></code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">启动时入参</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">process.argv</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">import "os"
os.Args</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++"></code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">当前进程id</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">process.pid</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">import "os"
os.Getpid()</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++"></code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">退出进程</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">process.exit(signal)</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">import "os"
os.Exit(signal)</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++"></code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div><div class="line">
      <div class="class" style="padding-right: 0px">输出</div>
      <div class="child"><div class="line"><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="typescript">console.log</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="golang">import "fmt"
fmt.Println</code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="rust"></code></pre></div></div><div class="lang"><div class="code"><pre><code class="c++">// include &lt;iostream&gt;
std::cout &lt;&lt; value &lt;&lt; std::endl;
</code></pre></div></div></div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div></div>
    </div>
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