Add 'piecing-it-together' exercise

exercises/piecing-it-together/canonical-data.json

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+{
+  "exercise": "piecing-it-together",
+  "comments": [
+    "For the aspect ratio, rational numbers can be used for languages without",
+    "IEEE-754 support. Their representation depends on the track (e.g., a tuple like",
+    "[numerator, denominator], a string like '3/4', or a custom rational type).",
+    "The represented fractions should be reduced to lowest terms to avoid ambiguity."
+  ],
+  "cases": [
+    {
+      "uuid": "ad626f23-09a2-4f5f-ba22-eec0671fa2a9",
+      "description": "1000 pieces puzzle with 1.6 aspect ratio",
+      "property": "jigsawData",
+      "input": {
+        "pieces": 1000,
+        "aspectRatio": 1.6
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "pieces": 1000,
+        "border": 126,
+        "inside": 874,
+        "rows": 25,
+        "columns": 40,
+        "aspectRatio": 1.6,
+        "format": "landscape"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "3e0c5919-3561-42f5-b9ed-26d70c20214e",
+      "description": "square puzzle with 32 rows",
+      "property": "jigsawData",
+      "input": {
+        "rows": 32,
+        "format": "square"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "pieces": 1024,
+        "border": 124,
+        "inside": 900,
+        "rows": 32,
+        "columns": 32,
+        "aspectRatio": 1.0,
+        "format": "square"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "1126f160-b094-4dc2-bf37-13e36e394867",
+      "description": "400 pieces square puzzle with only inside pieces and aspect ratio",
+      "property": "jigsawData",
+      "input": {
+        "inside": 324,
+        "aspectRatio": 1.0
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "pieces": 400,
+        "border": 76,
+        "inside": 324,
+        "rows": 20,
+        "columns": 20,
+        "aspectRatio": 1.0,
+        "format": "square"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "a9743178-5642-4cc0-8fdb-00d6b031c3a0",
+      "description": "1500 pieces landscape puzzle with 30 rows and 1.6 aspect ratio",
+      "property": "jigsawData",
+      "input": {
+        "rows": 30,
+        "aspectRatio": 1.6666666666666667
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "pieces": 1500,
+        "border": 156,
+        "inside": 1344,
+        "rows": 30,
+        "columns": 50,
+        "aspectRatio": 1.6666666666666667,
+        "format": "landscape"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "f6378369-989c-497f-a6e2-f30b1fa76cba",
+      "description": "300 pieces portrait puzzle with 70 border pieces",
+      "property": "jigsawData",
+      "input": {
+        "pieces": 300,
+        "border": 70,
+        "format": "portrait"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "pieces": 300,
+        "border": 70,
+        "inside": 230,
+        "rows": 25,
+        "columns": 12,
+        "aspectRatio": 0.48,
+        "format": "portrait"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "f53f82ba-5663-4c7e-9e86-57fdbb3e53d2",
+      "description": "puzzle with insufficient data",
+      "property": "jigsawData",
+      "input": {
+        "pieces": 1500,
+        "format": "landscape"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "error": "Insufficient data"
+      }
+    },
+    {
+      "uuid": "a3d5c31a-cc74-44bf-b4fc-9e4d65f1ac1a",
+      "description": "puzzle with contradictory data",
+      "property": "jigsawData",
+      "input": {
+        "rows": 100,
+        "columns": 1000,
+        "format": "square"
+      },
+      "expected": {
+        "error": "Contradictory data"
+      }
+    }
+  ]
+}

exercises/piecing-it-together/instructions.md

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+# Instructions
+
+Given partial information about a jigsaw puzzle, complete the remaining details.
+
+If the information is insufficient to complete the details, or if it contains contradictions, the user should be notified.
+
+The full information about the jigsaw puzzle contains the following parts:
+
+- `pieces`: Total number of pieces
+- `border`: Number of border pieces
+- `inside`: Number of inside (non-border) pieces
+- `rows`: Number of rows
+- `columns`: Number of columns
+- `aspectRatio`: Aspect ratio of columns to rows
+- `format`: Puzzle format, which can be `portrait`, `square`, or `landscape`
+
+For this exercise, you may assume square pieces, so that the format can be derived from the aspect ratio:
+
+- If the aspect ratio is less than 1, it's `portrait`
+- If it is equal to 1, it's `square`
+- If it is greater than 1, it's `landscape`
+
+## Three examples
+
+### Portrait
+
+A portrait jigsaw puzzle with 6 pieces, all of which are border pieces and none are inside pieces. It has 3 rows and 2 columns. The aspect ratio is 1.5 (3/2).
+
+![A 2 by 3 jigsaw puzzle](https://assets.exercism.org/images/exercises/piecing-it-together/jigsaw-puzzle-2x3.svg)
+
+### Square
+
+A square jigsaw puzzle with 9 pieces, all of which are border pieces except for the one in the center, which is an inside piece. It has 3 rows and 3 columns. The aspect ratio is 1 (3/3).
+
+![A 3 by 3 jigsaw puzzle](https://assets.exercism.org/images/exercises/piecing-it-together/jigsaw-puzzle-3x3.svg)
+
+### Landscape
+
+A landscape jigsaw puzzle with 12 pieces, 10 of which are border pieces and 2 are inside pieces. It has 3 rows and 4 columns. The aspect ratio is 1.333333... (4/3).
+
+![A 4 by 3 jigsaw puzzle](https://assets.exercism.org/images/exercises/piecing-it-together/jigsaw-puzzle-4x3.svg)

exercises/piecing-it-together/introduction.md

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+# Introduction
+
+Your best friend has started collecting jigsaw puzzles and wants to build a detailed catalog of their collection — recording information such as the total number of pieces, the number of rows and columns, the number of border and inside pieces, aspect ratio, and puzzle format.
+Even with your powers combined, it takes multiple hours to solve a single jigsaw puzzle with one thousand pieces — and then you still need to count the rows and columns and calculate the remaining numbers manually.
+The even larger puzzles with multiple thousand pieces look quite daunting now.
+"There has to be a better way!" you exclaim and sit down in front of your computer to solve the problem.

exercises/piecing-it-together/metadata.toml

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+title = "Piecing It Together"
+blurb = "Fill in missing jigsaw puzzle details from partial data"
+source = "atk just started another 1000-pieces jigsaw puzzle when this idea hit him"
+source_url = "https://github.com/exercism/problem-specifications/pull/2554"