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idcrook opened this issue Apr 13, 2025 · 9 comments
Open

Add 52Pi / GeeekPi U2500 M.2 NVME Dual USB3.0 to 2.5g Ethernet for Raspberry pi 5 #718

idcrook opened this issue Apr 13, 2025 · 9 comments

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@idcrook
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idcrook commented Apr 13, 2025

52Pi U2500 M.2 NVME Dual USB3.0 to 2.5g Ethernet for Raspberry pi 5

Description

The U2500 M.2 NVMe & dual 2.5G ethernet for Raspberry Pi 5. The Raspberry Pi HAT (Hardware Attached on Top) board you have is a versatile expansion module designed to enhance the capabilities of your Raspberry Pi 5.

Image
@idcrook
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idcrook commented Apr 14, 2025

Silkscreen on PCB has U2500D v1.2 and w02

NVMe

$ lspci -v -nn -s 0001:01:00
0001:01:00.0 Non-Volatile memory controller [0108]: Phison Electronics Corporation PS5019-E19 PCIe4 NVMe Controller (DRAM-less) [1987:5019] (rev 01) (prog-if 02 [NVM Express])
	Subsystem: Phison Electronics Corporation PS5019-E19 PCIe4 NVMe Controller (DRAM-less) [1987:5019]
	Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 38
	Memory at 1b00000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K]
	Capabilities: <access denied>
	Kernel driver in use: nvme

USB / Ethernet

$ lsusb
Bus 004 Device 002: ID 0bda:8156 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. USB 10/100/1G/2.5G LAN
Bus 004 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 003 Device 005: ID 0665:6000 Cypress Semiconductor Gaming keyboard
Bus 003 Device 004: ID 093a:2521 Pixart Imaging, Inc. Optical Mouse
Bus 003 Device 003: ID 0b95:6804 ASIX Electronics Corp. AX68004
Bus 003 Device 002: ID 05e3:0608 Genesys Logic, Inc. Hub
Bus 003 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub
Bus 002 Device 002: ID 0bda:8156 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. USB 10/100/1G/2.5G LAN
Bus 002 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0003 Linux Foundation 3.0 root hub
Bus 001 Device 001: ID 1d6b:0002 Linux Foundation 2.0 root hub

USB ID 0bda:8156 Realtek Semiconductor Corp. USB 10/100/1G/2.5G LAN

$ dmesg | grep -A2 8156
[    1.082069] usb 2-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=8156, bcdDevice=31.04
[    1.082076] usb 2-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=6
[    1.082079] usb 2-1: Product: USB 10/100/1G/2.5G LAN
--
[    1.129268] usb 4-1: New USB device found, idVendor=0bda, idProduct=8156, bcdDevice=31.04
[    1.129273] usb 4-1: New USB device strings: Mfr=1, Product=2, SerialNumber=6
[    1.129275] usb 4-1: Product: USB 10/100/1G/2.5G LAN

@idcrook idcrook mentioned this issue Apr 14, 2025
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@idcrook
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idcrook commented Apr 14, 2025

Ethernet links at Speed: 2500Mb/s

$ ethtool eth1 && ethtool eth2 && ethtool eth0
Settings for eth1:
	Supported ports: [ TP	 MII ]
	Supported link modes:   10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
	                        100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
	                        1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full
	                        2500baseT/Full
	Supported pause frame use: No
	Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
	Supported FEC modes: Not reported
	Advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
	                        100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
	                        1000baseT/Full
	                        2500baseT/Full
	Advertised pause frame use: No
	Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
	Advertised FEC modes: Not reported
	Link partner advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
	                                     100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
	                                     1000baseT/Full
	                                     2500baseT/Full
	Link partner advertised pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only
	Link partner advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
	Link partner advertised FEC modes: Not reported
	Speed: 2500Mb/s
	Duplex: Full
	Auto-negotiation: on
	Port: MII
	PHYAD: 32
	Transceiver: internal
netlink error: Operation not permitted
        Current message level: 0x00007fff (32767)
                               drv probe link timer ifdown ifup rx_err tx_err tx_queued intr tx_done rx_status pktdata hw wol
	Link detected: yes
Settings for eth2:
	Supported ports: [ TP	 MII ]
	Supported link modes:   10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
	                        100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
	                        1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full
	                        2500baseT/Full
	Supported pause frame use: No
	Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
	Supported FEC modes: Not reported
	Advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
	                        100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
	                        1000baseT/Full
	                        2500baseT/Full
	Advertised pause frame use: No
	Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
	Advertised FEC modes: Not reported
	Link partner advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
	                                     100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
	                                     1000baseT/Full
	                                     2500baseT/Full
	Link partner advertised pause frame use: Symmetric Receive-only
	Link partner advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
	Link partner advertised FEC modes: Not reported
	Speed: 2500Mb/s
	Duplex: Full
	Auto-negotiation: on
	Port: MII
	PHYAD: 32
	Transceiver: internal
netlink error: Operation not permitted
        Current message level: 0x00007fff (32767)
                               drv probe link timer ifdown ifup rx_err tx_err tx_queued intr tx_done rx_status pktdata hw wol
	Link detected: yes
Settings for eth0:
	Supported ports: [ TP	 MII ]
	Supported link modes:   10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
	                        100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
	                        1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full
	Supported pause frame use: Transmit-only
	Supports auto-negotiation: Yes
	Supported FEC modes: Not reported
	Advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
	                        100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
	                        1000baseT/Half 1000baseT/Full
	Advertised pause frame use: Transmit-only
	Advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
	Advertised FEC modes: Not reported
	Link partner advertised link modes:  10baseT/Half 10baseT/Full
	                                     100baseT/Half 100baseT/Full
	                                     1000baseT/Full
	Link partner advertised pause frame use: Symmetric
	Link partner advertised auto-negotiation: Yes
	Link partner advertised FEC modes: Not reported
	Speed: 1000Mb/s
	Duplex: Full
	Auto-negotiation: on
	master-slave cfg: preferred slave
	master-slave status: slave
	Port: Twisted Pair
	PHYAD: 1
	Transceiver: external
	MDI-X: Unknown
netlink error: Operation not permitted
	Link detected: yes

@geerlingguy
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Nice looking HAT! I love the functionality, reminds me a lot of the Radxa Dual 2.5G HAT, though with a quite different architecture — #647

Have you done any testing with both interfaces running full blast through iperf3 at the same time? Seems like this architecture could work out okay.

Taking up both USB 3.0 ports is a little tricky but if you just need a 2.5 Gbps router... this doesn't sacrifice the PCIe bandwidth for that!

geerlingguy pushed a commit that referenced this issue Apr 14, 2025
@idcrook
52Pi U2500 M.2 NVME Dual USB3 to 2.5g Ethernet (#719)
057e86e 
corresponding issue #718
@geerlingguy
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The board is now on the site here: https://pipci.jeffgeerling.com/hats/52pi-nvme-dual-2.5g-eth-hat-u2500-w02.html

@idcrook
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idcrook commented Apr 14, 2025

I haven't done much (any?) testing yet. I created a custom OpenWRT image using their webpage and will be using that as router testbed setup.

Any pointers to what kinda of testing you'd like to see would be welcome.

@geerlingguy
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@idcrook - I'd love to see if you can have two computers (or one with a 10+ gbps connection) be iperf3 -s servers, and then start two iperf3 -c [ip address of server] connections out from the Pi, one over each interface. Setting up the networking for that can be a burden though, because Linux tends to like sending packets over one connection... so you'd get a total of 2.3 Gbps no matter what.

In the past I would set up two separate local networks, or just direct connect the two Ethernet ports to two different computers, with custom IPs for each, so I could be sure packets would flow through the individual ports and not get re-routed since they'd be on the same network.

@idcrook idcrook mentioned this issue Apr 14, 2025
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geerlingguy pushed a commit that referenced this issue Apr 14, 2025
@idcrook
fix for image: 52pi nvme dual 2.5g eth hat (#720)
a5d969c 
* 52Pi U2500 M.2 NVME Dual USB3 to 2.5g Ethernet

corresponding issue #718

* fix missing leading slash

* did not intend to commit this.

needed to add as a dependency on local build for some unknown reason
@idcrook
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idcrook commented Apr 14, 2025

@geerlingguy OK tested using iperf3 on Raspberry Pi OS Desktop 64-bit. here's the details:

testing 52Pi NVMe + dual 2.5G Eth HAT

I have no 10Gbit Ethernet hardware, so testing is has been done using generic 2.5 Gbit switch.

  • Raspberry Pi 5 4GB with NVMe SSD
  • Windows, Linux hosts with RTL8125 PCIe cards
  • M1 Mac mini with onboard 1G
    • 2.5G in a sonnettech thunderbolt docking station

iperf3 summaries

  • single port onboard 1G: 944 Mbits/sec (full speed)
  • single port 2.5G : -2.34 Gbits/sec (full speed)
  • dual port 2.5G : ~1.0 - 1.3 Gbits/sec on each
    • all 2.5G ports on the same 2.5G switch
  • dual port 2.5G plus 1G onboard:
    • 1G onboard : 944 Mbits/sec (full speed)
    • 2.5G: ~400-900 Mbits/sec

strange observation
Onboard 1G to macOS iperf (2.5G Eth in docking station)
- 1.85 Gbits/sec (double theoretical peak 1G speed)

Guess Linux IP stack maybe isn't always faithful when it sends packets...

single port on-board 1G

Onboard 1G to macOS iperf (1G onboard Mac mini)

a different 1G switch for 1G connection

 $ iperf3 -B 192.168.50.38 -c 192.168.50.7
Connecting to host 192.168.50.7, port 5201
[  5] local 192.168.50.38 port 51645 connected to 192.168.50.7 port 5201
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr  Cwnd
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec   115 MBytes   964 Mbits/sec    0    878 KBytes
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec   112 MBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0    878 KBytes
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   112 MBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0    878 KBytes
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   112 MBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0    878 KBytes
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   111 MBytes   933 Mbits/sec    0    878 KBytes
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec   112 MBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0    878 KBytes
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec   112 MBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0    878 KBytes
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec   112 MBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0    878 KBytes
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec   111 MBytes   933 Mbits/sec    0    878 KBytes
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   112 MBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0    878 KBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  1.10 GBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0             sender
[  5]   0.00-10.01  sec  1.10 GBytes   941 Mbits/sec                  receiver

single port (USB to 2.5GB)

HAT 2.5G port 1 to Windows iperf

.\iperf3.exe -B  192.168.50.33 --server
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201 (test #1)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Accepted connection from 192.168.50.39, port 56309
[  5] local 192.168.50.33 port 5201 connected to 192.168.50.39 port 52613
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec   278 MBytes  2.33 Gbits/sec
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec   278 MBytes  2.34 Gbits/sec
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   278 MBytes  2.34 Gbits/sec
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   278 MBytes  2.34 Gbits/sec
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   278 MBytes  2.34 Gbits/sec
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec   278 MBytes  2.34 Gbits/sec
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec   278 MBytes  2.34 Gbits/sec
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec   278 MBytes  2.34 Gbits/sec
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec   278 MBytes  2.34 Gbits/sec
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   278 MBytes  2.34 Gbits/sec
[  5]  10.00-10.00  sec   384 KBytes  2.13 Gbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  2.72 GBytes  2.34 Gbits/sec                  receiver

HAT 2.5G port 2 to Linux iperf

iperf3 -B 192.168.50.31 --server
Server listening on 5201 (test #2)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Accepted connection from 192.168.50.40, port 55013
[  5] local 192.168.50.31 port 5201 connected to 192.168.50.40 port 40749
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec   281 MBytes  2.35 Gbits/sec
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec   280 MBytes  2.35 Gbits/sec
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   281 MBytes  2.35 Gbits/sec
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   281 MBytes  2.35 Gbits/sec
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   280 MBytes  2.35 Gbits/sec
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec   281 MBytes  2.35 Gbits/sec
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec   281 MBytes  2.35 Gbits/sec
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec   281 MBytes  2.35 Gbits/sec
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec   280 MBytes  2.35 Gbits/sec
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   281 MBytes  2.35 Gbits/sec
[  5]  10.00-10.00  sec   256 KBytes  2.76 Gbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  2.74 GBytes  2.35 Gbits/sec                  receiver

"simulataneous" dual port (USB to 2.5GB)

both 2.5G Eth through same switch

 iperf3 -B 192.168.50.31 --server
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201 (test #1)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Accepted connection from 192.168.50.40, port 40501
[  5] local 192.168.50.31 port 5201 connected to 192.168.50.40 port 33779
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec   280 MBytes  2.35 Gbits/sec
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec   270 MBytes  2.27 Gbits/sec
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   162 MBytes  1.36 Gbits/sec
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   160 MBytes  1.34 Gbits/sec
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   155 MBytes  1.30 Gbits/sec
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec   149 MBytes  1.25 Gbits/sec
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec   147 MBytes  1.24 Gbits/sec
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec   151 MBytes  1.27 Gbits/sec
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec   152 MBytes  1.27 Gbits/sec
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   150 MBytes  1.26 Gbits/sec
[  5]  10.00-10.00  sec   256 KBytes  1.46 Gbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  1.74 GBytes  1.49 Gbits/sec                  receiver

.\iperf3.exe -B  192.168.50.33 --server
-----------------------------------------------------------
Server listening on 5201 (test #2)
-----------------------------------------------------------
Accepted connection from 192.168.50.39, port 46217
[  5] local 192.168.50.33 port 5201 connected to 192.168.50.39 port 59109
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec   119 MBytes   997 Mbits/sec
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec   121 MBytes  1.02 Gbits/sec
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   126 MBytes  1.06 Gbits/sec
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   132 MBytes  1.11 Gbits/sec
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   135 MBytes  1.13 Gbits/sec
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec   130 MBytes  1.09 Gbits/sec
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec   130 MBytes  1.09 Gbits/sec
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec   132 MBytes  1.11 Gbits/sec
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec   264 MBytes  2.22 Gbits/sec
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   278 MBytes  2.34 Gbits/sec
[  5]  10.00-10.00  sec   128 KBytes  2.63 Gbits/sec
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  1.53 GBytes  1.32 Gbits/sec                  receiver

dual port 2.5G plus 1G onboard

onboard 1G

$ iperf3 -B 192.168.50.38 -c 192.168.50.7
Connecting to host 192.168.50.7, port 5201
[  5] local 192.168.50.38 port 56517 connected to 192.168.50.7 port 5201
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr  Cwnd
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec   116 MBytes   970 Mbits/sec    0    889 KBytes
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec   111 MBytes   933 Mbits/sec    0    889 KBytes
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   112 MBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0    889 KBytes
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   112 MBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0    889 KBytes
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   112 MBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0    889 KBytes
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec   111 MBytes   933 Mbits/sec    0    889 KBytes
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec   112 MBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0    889 KBytes
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec   112 MBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0    889 KBytes
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec   112 MBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0    889 KBytes
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   112 MBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0    889 KBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  1.10 GBytes   944 Mbits/sec    0             sender
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  1.10 GBytes   941 Mbits/sec                  receiver

2.5G port 1

 sleep 5 && iperf3 -B 192.168.50.39 -c 192.168.50.33
Connecting to host 192.168.50.33, port 5201
[  5] local 192.168.50.39 port 54203 connected to 192.168.50.33 port 5201
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr  Cwnd
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec  47.5 MBytes   399 Mbits/sec    0    218 KBytes
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec  58.2 MBytes   489 Mbits/sec    0    230 KBytes
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec  58.0 MBytes   486 Mbits/sec    0    230 KBytes
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec  58.3 MBytes   489 Mbits/sec    0    230 KBytes
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec  58.1 MBytes   488 Mbits/sec    0    230 KBytes
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec  61.3 MBytes   514 Mbits/sec    0    265 KBytes
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec  62.7 MBytes   526 Mbits/sec    0    265 KBytes
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec  62.7 MBytes   526 Mbits/sec    0    265 KBytes
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec  75.6 MBytes   634 Mbits/sec    0    395 KBytes
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   147 MBytes  1.23 Gbits/sec    0    880 KBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec   689 MBytes   578 Mbits/sec    0             sender
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec   687 MBytes   576 Mbits/sec                  receiver

2.5G port 2

sleep 3 &&iperf3 -B 192.168.50.40 -c 192.168.50.31
Connecting to host 192.168.50.31, port 5201
[  5] local 192.168.50.40 port 51161 connected to 192.168.50.31 port 5201
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr  Cwnd
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec   132 MBytes  1.11 Gbits/sec    0    447 KBytes
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec   111 MBytes   934 Mbits/sec    0    447 KBytes
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   111 MBytes   928 Mbits/sec    0    447 KBytes
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   111 MBytes   927 Mbits/sec    0    447 KBytes
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   110 MBytes   926 Mbits/sec    0    447 KBytes
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec   109 MBytes   911 Mbits/sec    0    447 KBytes
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec   106 MBytes   892 Mbits/sec    0    447 KBytes
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec   107 MBytes   897 Mbits/sec    0    469 KBytes
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec   108 MBytes   907 Mbits/sec    0    469 KBytes
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   169 MBytes  1.42 Gbits/sec    0    615 KBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  1.15 GBytes   985 Mbits/sec    0             sender
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  1.14 GBytes   982 Mbits/sec                  receiver

Onboard 1G to macOS iperf (2.5G Eth in docking station)

$ iperf3 -B 192.168.50.38 -c 192.168.50.2
Connecting to host 192.168.50.2, port 5201
[  5] local 192.168.50.38 port 55375 connected to 192.168.50.2 port 5201
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr  Cwnd
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec   222 MBytes  1.87 Gbits/sec   13    445 KBytes
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec   221 MBytes  1.86 Gbits/sec    0    717 KBytes
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   220 MBytes  1.85 Gbits/sec   23    427 KBytes
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   220 MBytes  1.85 Gbits/sec    0    707 KBytes
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   221 MBytes  1.86 Gbits/sec   25    510 KBytes
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec   220 MBytes  1.85 Gbits/sec    0    724 KBytes
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec   221 MBytes  1.86 Gbits/sec    0    732 KBytes
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec   220 MBytes  1.85 Gbits/sec   22    532 KBytes
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec   220 MBytes  1.85 Gbits/sec    0    725 KBytes
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   221 MBytes  1.86 Gbits/sec    2    619 KBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  2.16 GBytes  1.85 Gbits/sec   85             sender
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  2.15 GBytes  1.85 Gbits/sec                  receiver

@geerlingguy
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Owner

Okay thank you! It's at least showing that the individual ports are capable of 2.5 Gbps each, so I think the main bottlenecks will probably either be people's own networks/switches, or if doing any routing/filtering, the firewall running on the Pi's SoC.

I'm thinking one of these boards would be fun for testing.

The one downside is I'm looking into building a dual 2.5 Gbps router with NVMe storage and an M.2 E-key WiFi slot—or failing that, a USB 3.0 WiFi 6E or 7 stick capable of running a small AP (just a few users).

I'm nearly there with the Radxa HAT, but have had some trouble with the extra PCIe switch on that HAT.

@Darktron
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I have the older model hat mine is called U5000_v1.1
I have moved to the Radxa Dual 2.5G Router Hat since this one let me down due to USB connections for the RTL8125BG chips theres just many interrupt that can't be redirected to all cores permanently.

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@idcrook @geerlingguy @Darktron