feat(backend): add typechecking with ty

[matmair]

Adds type checking via astral's (experimental) ty which is pretty fast.
This is technically done but I will keep it as draft till we have 1.0 out to stop an accidential merge

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 92.71255% with 18 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 86.29%. Comparing base (3d71be3) to head (7bd98cd).
Report is 4 commits behind head on master.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
...rc/backend/InvenTree/report/templatetags/report.py	57.14%	6 Missing ⚠️
src/backend/InvenTree/InvenTree/settings.py	77.77%	2 Missing ⚠️
src/backend/InvenTree/plugin/registry.py	81.81%	2 Missing ⚠️
src/backend/InvenTree/InvenTree/permissions.py	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️
src/backend/InvenTree/InvenTree/serializers.py	66.66%	1 Missing ⚠️
src/backend/InvenTree/InvenTree/sso.py	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️
src/backend/InvenTree/InvenTree/tracing.py	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️
...Tree/company/migrations/0019_auto_20200413_0642.py	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️
src/backend/InvenTree/generic/states/transition.py	91.66%	1 Missing ⚠️
src/backend/InvenTree/plugin/plugin.py	83.33%	1 Missing ⚠️
... and 1 more

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master    #9664      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   86.35%   86.29%   -0.06%     
==========================================
  Files        1229     1229              
  Lines       53966    54070     +104     
  Branches     2259     2259              
==========================================
+ Hits        46601    46660      +59     
- Misses       6793     6838      +45     
  Partials      572      572              

Flag	Coverage Δ
backend	88.33% <92.71%> (+0.01%)	⬆️

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[matmair]

@wolflu05 would appreciate a look and feedback on the approach

[wolflu05]

Seems like only a small tool change. Looks good in general. The only I idea I have regarding mixins is to use the cast function from typing, but I am not sure if thats a good solution long term.