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<!doctype html><html itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/WebPage lang=zh-CN><head><meta name=generator content="Hugo 0.144.2"><meta name=theme content='FixIt v0.3.16-f66dc32e'><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,maximum-scale=2"><meta name=robots content="noodp"><title>LEON BLOG</title><meta name=author content="Leon">
<meta name=description content="运维小站，分享些技术经验。"><meta name=keywords content='Hugo,FixIt'><meta itemprop=name content="LEON BLOG"><meta itemprop=description content="运维小站，分享些技术经验。"><meta itemprop=datePublished content="2025-01-07T19:07:33+08:00"><meta itemprop=dateModified content="2025-01-07T19:07:33+08:00"><meta itemprop=image content="https://liangml.github.io/logo.png"><meta property="og:url" content="https://liangml.github.io/"><meta property="og:site_name" content="LEON BLOG"><meta property="og:title" content="LEON BLOG"><meta property="og:description" content="运维小站，分享些技术经验。"><meta property="og:locale" content="zh_CN"><meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta property="og:image" content="https://liangml.github.io/logo.png"><meta name=twitter:card content="summary_large_image"><meta name=twitter:image content="https://liangml.github.io/logo.png"><meta name=twitter:title content="LEON BLOG"><meta name=twitter:description content="运维小站，分享些技术经验。"><meta name=application-name content="Leon的小站"><meta name=apple-mobile-web-app-title content="Leon的小站"><meta name=theme-color data-light=#f8f8f8 data-dark=#252627 content="#f8f8f8"><meta name=msapplication-TileColor content="#da532c"><link rel=icon href=/favicon.svg><link rel=apple-touch-icon sizes=180x180 href=/apple-touch-icon.png><link rel=mask-icon href=/safari-pinned-tab.svg color=#5bbad5><link rel=manifest href=/site.webmanifest><link rel=canonical type=text/html href=https://liangml.github.io/ title="LEON BLOG"><link rel=alternate type=application/rss+xml href=https://liangml.github.io/index.xml title="LEON BLOG"><link rel=search type=application/json href=https://liangml.github.io/search.json title="LEON BLOG"><link rel=stylesheet href=/css/style.min.999fc44987aa81959766023190aed3b84fc2e373f70cb60d0bf85ba5d7d93d79.css integrity="sha256-mZ/ESYeqgZWXZgIxkK7TuE/C43P3DLYNC/hbpdfZPXk="><link rel=preload href=/lib/fontawesome-free/all.min.320d572dfb844e7152480b7b62374236c4896ccca3ac9d69bb03f3bc2034acb8.css integrity="sha256-Mg1XLfuETnFSSAt7YjdCNsSJbMyjrJ1puwPzvCA0rLg=" as=style onload='this.removeAttribute("onload"),this.rel="stylesheet"'><noscript><link rel=stylesheet href=/lib/fontawesome-free/all.min.320d572dfb844e7152480b7b62374236c4896ccca3ac9d69bb03f3bc2034acb8.css integrity="sha256-Mg1XLfuETnFSSAt7YjdCNsSJbMyjrJ1puwPzvCA0rLg="></noscript><link rel=preload href=/lib/animate/animate.min.5fbaeb9f8e25d7e0143bae61d4b1802c16ce7390b96ceb2d498b0d96ff4c853f.css integrity="sha256-X7rrn44l1+AUO65h1LGALBbOc5C5bOstSYsNlv9MhT8=" as=style onload='this.removeAttribute("onload"),this.rel="stylesheet"'><noscript><link rel=stylesheet href=/lib/animate/animate.min.5fbaeb9f8e25d7e0143bae61d4b1802c16ce7390b96ceb2d498b0d96ff4c853f.css integrity="sha256-X7rrn44l1+AUO65h1LGALBbOc5C5bOstSYsNlv9MhT8="></noscript><script type=application/ld+json>{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"WebSite","url":"https:\/\/liangml.github.io\/","inLanguage":"zh-CN","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Leon"},"description":"运维小站，分享些技术经验。","image":"https:\/\/liangml.github.io\/favicon.ico","thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/liangml.github.io\/favicon-32x32.png","name":"LEON BLOG"}</script><script src=/js/head/color-scheme.min.15fc6d693c4ea1331dfdbe98e8c76402340195b0a3b4047378cec39b7c827bfa.js integrity="sha256-FfxtaTxOoTMd/b6Y6MdkAjQBlbCjtARzeM7Dm3yCe/o="></script></head><body data-header-desktop=sticky data-header-mobile=auto><div class=wrapper data-page-style=normal><header class="desktop animate__faster" id=header-desktop><div class=header-wrapper data-github-corner=right><div class=header-title><a href=/ title="LEON BLOG"><img loading=lazy src=/logo.png alt="LEON BLOG" data-title="LEON BLOG" width=26 height=26 class=logo style="background:url(/images/loading.min.svg)no-repeat 50%" onload='this.title=this.dataset.title;for(const e of["style","data-title","onerror","onload"])this.removeAttribute(e);this.dataset.lazyloaded=""' onerror='this.title=this.dataset.title;for(const e of["style","data-title","onerror","onload"])this.removeAttribute(e)'><span class=header-title-text>Kylin Blog</span></a><span class=header-subtitle></span></div><nav><ul class=menu><li class="menu-item has-children"><a class=menu-link href=/archives/><i class="fa-solid fa-feather fa-fw fa-sm" aria-hidden=true></i> 文章</a><i class="dropdown-icon fa-solid fa-chevron-down" aria-hidden=true></i><ul class=sub-menu><li class=menu-item><a class=menu-link href=/categories/><i class="fa-solid fa-folder-tree fa-fw fa-sm" aria-hidden=true></i> 分类</a></li><li class=menu-item><a class=menu-link href=/collections/><i class="fa-solid fa-layer-group fa-fw fa-sm" aria-hidden=true></i> 合集</a></li><li class=menu-item><a class=menu-link href=/tags/><i class="fa-solid fa-tags fa-fw fa-sm" aria-hidden=true></i> 标签</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item delimiter"></li><li class="menu-item search" id=search-desktop><input type=text placeholder=搜索文章标题或内容…… id=search-input-desktop>
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<i class="dropdown-icon fa-solid fa-chevron-right" aria-hidden=true></i></span><ul class=sub-menu><li class=menu-item><a class=menu-link href=/categories/><i class="fa-solid fa-folder-tree fa-fw fa-sm" aria-hidden=true></i> 分类</a></li><li class=menu-item><a class=menu-link href=/collections/><i class="fa-solid fa-layer-group fa-fw fa-sm" aria-hidden=true></i> 合集</a></li><li class=menu-item><a class=menu-link href=/tags/><i class="fa-solid fa-tags fa-fw fa-sm" aria-hidden=true></i> 标签</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-system"><span class="menu-system-item theme-switch" title=切换主题><i class="fa-solid fa-adjust fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i></span></li></ul></nav></div></header><div class="search-dropdown desktop"><div id=search-dropdown-desktop></div></div><div class="search-dropdown mobile"><div id=search-dropdown-mobile></div></div><main class=container><div class="page home posts"><div class=home-profile><div class=home-avatar><a href=/archives/ title=文章><img loading=lazy src=/avatar.jpg alt=Leon data-title=Leon width=96 height=96 style="background:url(/images/loading.min.svg)no-repeat 50%" onload='this.title=this.dataset.title;for(const e of["style","data-title","onerror","onload"])this.removeAttribute(e);this.dataset.lazyloaded=""' onerror='this.title=this.dataset.title;for(const e of["style","data-title","onerror","onload"])this.removeAttribute(e)'></a></div><h1 class=home-title>LEON BLOG</h1><p class=home-subtitle><span class=d-none>劫就劫皇纲，嫖就嫖娘娘！</span><span class=typeit><template>劫就劫皇纲，嫖就嫖娘娘！</template></span></p><div class=links><a href=https://github.com/liangml title=GitHub target=_blank rel="external nofollow noopener noreferrer me"><i class="fa-brands fa-github-alt fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i>
</a><a href=/index.xml title=RSS target=_blank rel="external nofollow noopener noreferrer me"><i class="fa-solid fa-rss fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i></a></div></div><article class="single summary" itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Article><h2 class=single-title itemprop="name headline"><a href=/posts/kubernetes/>Kubernetes</a></h2><div class=post-meta><span class=post-author><span class=author><i class="fa-solid fa-user-circle" aria-hidden=true></i>
Leon</span></span> <span class=post-publish title='2025-01-07 19:07:33'>发布于 <time datetime=2025-01-07>2025-01-07</time></span><span class=post-included-in> 收录于 <a href=/categories/kubernetes/ class=post-category title="分类 - Kubernetes"><i class="fa-regular fa-folder fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i> Kubernetes</a> 和 <a href=/collections/kubernetes/ class=post-collection title="合集 - Kubernetes"><i class="fa-solid fa-layer-group fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i> Kubernetes</a></span></div><div class=content><h3 id=资源清单格式 class=heading-element><span>资源清单格式</span>
<a href=#%e8%b5%84%e6%ba%90%e6%b8%85%e5%8d%95%e6%a0%bc%e5%bc%8f class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt> 1
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</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w></span><span class=nt>kind</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=l>Service </span><span class=w> </span><span class=c>#资源类别</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w></span><span class=nt>metadata</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c>#资源元数据</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w> </span><span class=nt>name</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=l>pod-demo </span><span class=w> </span><span class=c>#资源对象名称；</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w> </span><span class=nt>namespace</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=l>default #使用名称级别的资源才需要填写；</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c>#处于default名称空间下；</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w> </span><span class=nt>lables</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c>#标签，筛选操作；一般用于集群内部的筛选功能；</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w> </span><span class=nt>app</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=l>myapp </span><span class=w> </span><span class=c>#标签</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w> </span><span class=nt>annotations</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c># 主要目的是方便用户阅读查找</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w></span><span class=nt>spec</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c># 期望的状态（disired state）</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w> </span><span class=nt>containers</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c>#代表mainC；</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w> </span>- <span class=nt>name</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=l>myapp-1 </span><span class=w> </span><span class=c>#mainC子对象1名称；列表开头使用 -开头</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w> </span><span class=nt>image</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=l>wangyanglinux/myapp:v1</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w> </span>- <span class=nt>name</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=l>busybox-1 </span><span class=w> </span><span class=c>#mainC子对象2名称；</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w> </span><span class=nt>image</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=l>busybox:1.35.0</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w> </span><span class=nt>command</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c>#此处代表的是ENTRYPOINT；</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w> </span>- <span class=s2>"/bin/sh"</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w> </span>- <span class=s2>"-c"</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w> </span>- <span class=s2>"sleep 3600"</span><span class=w>
</span></span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=w></span><span class=nt>status</span><span class=p>:</span><span class=w> </span><span class=c># 当前状态，本字段有 Kubernetes 自身维护，用户不能去定义</span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><h3 id=字段格式配置 class=heading-element><span>字段格式配置</span>
<a href=#%e5%ad%97%e6%ae%b5%e6%a0%bc%e5%bc%8f%e9%85%8d%e7%bd%ae class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span><span class=lnt>2
</span><span class=lnt>3
</span><span class=lnt>4
</span><span class=lnt>5
</span><span class=lnt>6
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</span><span class=lnt>8
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-shell data-lang=shell><span class=line><span class=cl>apiVersion <string> <span class=c1>#表示字符串类型</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>metadata <Object> <span class=c1>#表示需要嵌套多层字段</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>labels <map<span class=o>[</span>string<span class=o>]</span>string> <span class=c1>#表示由k:v组成的映射</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>finalizers <<span class=o>[]</span>string> <span class=c1>#表示字串列表</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>ownerReferences <<span class=o>[]</span>Object> <span class=c1>#表示对象列表</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>hostPID <boolean> <span class=c1>#布尔类型</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>priority <integer> <span class=c1>#整型</span>
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>name <string> -required- <span class=c1>#如果类型后面接 -required-，表示为必填字段</span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><h3 id=常用资源清单格式定义 class=heading-element><span>常用资源清单格式定义</span>
<a href=#%e5%b8%b8%e7%94%a8%e8%b5%84%e6%ba%90%e6%b8%85%e5%8d%95%e6%a0%bc%e5%bc%8f%e5%ae%9a%e4%b9%89 class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><blockquote><p>Object ：对象，下方是对象的属性<br>list：类别，下方包含多个数组，每个数组是一个对象<br>String：字符串 后边直接跟value的值</p></div><div class=post-footer><a href=/posts/kubernetes/>阅读全文</a><div class=post-tags><i class="fa-solid fa-tags fa-fw me-1" aria-hidden=true></i><a href=/tags/k8s/ class=post-tag>K8s</a></div></div></article><article class="single summary" itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Article><h2 class=single-title itemprop="name headline"><a href=/posts/golang-guide/>Golang-Guide</a></h2><div class=post-meta><span class=post-author><span class=author><i class="fa-solid fa-user-circle" aria-hidden=true></i>
Leon</span></span> <span class=post-publish title='2024-11-22 15:31:08'>发布于 <time datetime=2024-11-22>2024-11-22</time></span><span class=post-included-in> 收录于 <a href=/categories/golang/ class=post-category title="分类 - Golang"><i class="fa-regular fa-folder fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i> Golang</a> 和 <a href=/collections/programs/ class=post-collection title="合集 - Programs"><i class="fa-solid fa-layer-group fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i> Programs</a></span></div><div class=content><h3 id=uber-goguide-的中文翻译 class=heading-element><span><a href=https://github.com/uber-go/guide target=_blank rel="external nofollow noopener noreferrer">uber-go/guide</a> 的中文翻译</span>
<a href=#uber-goguide-%e7%9a%84%e4%b8%ad%e6%96%87%e7%bf%bb%e8%af%91 class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><h3 id=english class=heading-element><span><a href=https://github.com/uber-go/guide/blob/master/style.md target=_blank rel="external nofollow noopener noreferrer">English</a></span>
<a href=#english class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><h3 id=uber-go-语言编码规范 class=heading-element><span>Uber Go 语言编码规范</span>
<a href=#uber-go-%e8%af%ad%e8%a8%80%e7%bc%96%e7%a0%81%e8%a7%84%e8%8c%83 class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><p><a href=https://www.uber.com/ target=_blank rel="external nofollow noopener noreferrer">Uber</a> 是一家美国硅谷的科技公司，也是 Go 语言的早期 adopter。其开源了很多 golang 项目，诸如被 Gopher 圈熟知的 <a href=https://github.com/uber-go/zap target=_blank rel="external nofollow noopener noreferrer">zap</a>、<a href=https://github.com/jaegertracing/jaeger target=_blank rel="external nofollow noopener noreferrer">jaeger</a> 等。2018 年年末 Uber 将内部的 <a href=https://github.com/uber-go/guide target=_blank rel="external nofollow noopener noreferrer">Go 风格规范</a> 开源到 GitHub，经过一年的积累和更新，该规范已经初具规模，并受到广大 Gopher 的关注。本文是该规范的中文版本。本版本会根据原版实时更新。</p></div><div class=post-footer><a href=/posts/golang-guide/>阅读全文</a><div class=post-tags><i class="fa-solid fa-tags fa-fw me-1" aria-hidden=true></i><a href=/tags/golang/ class=post-tag>Golang</a></div></div></article><article class="single summary" itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Article><h2 class=single-title itemprop="name headline"><a href=/posts/poetry/>Poetry: Python虚拟环境管理</a></h2><div class=post-meta><span class=post-author><span class=author><i class="fa-solid fa-user-circle" aria-hidden=true></i>
Leon</span></span> <span class=post-publish title='2024-10-31 10:54:34'>发布于 <time datetime=2024-10-31>2024-10-31</time></span><span class=post-included-in> 收录于 <a href=/categories/python/ class=post-category title="分类 - Python"><i class="fa-regular fa-folder fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i> Python</a> 和 <a href=/collections/programs/ class=post-collection title="合集 - Programs"><i class="fa-solid fa-layer-group fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i> Programs</a></span></div><div class=content><blockquote><p>macos 使用</p></blockquote><h3 id=install class=heading-element><span>install</span>
<a href=#install class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-shell data-lang=shell><span class=line><span class=cl>brew install poetry</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><h3 id=初始化 class=heading-element><span>初始化</span>
<a href=#%e5%88%9d%e5%a7%8b%e5%8c%96 class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span><span class=lnt>2
</span><span class=lnt>3
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-shell data-lang=shell><span class=line><span class=cl>mkdir project-demo
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl><span class=nb>cd</span> project-demo
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>poetry init</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><h3 id=管理虚拟环境 class=heading-element><span>管理虚拟环境</span>
<a href=#%e7%ae%a1%e7%90%86%e8%99%9a%e6%8b%9f%e7%8e%af%e5%a2%83 class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><ul><li>创建虚拟环境</li><li>虚拟环境的命名模式为 项目名-随机数-python版本</li></ul><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-shell data-lang=shell><span class=line><span class=cl>poetry env use PYTHONPATH</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><ul><li>查看当前虚拟环境</li></ul><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-shell data-lang=shell><span class=line><span class=cl>poetry env list</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><ul><li>查看当前poetry配置</li></ul><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-shell data-lang=shell><span class=line><span class=cl>poetry config --list </span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><ul><li>允许在项目目录下创建虚拟环境</li></ul><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-shell data-lang=shell><span class=line><span class=cl>poetry config virtualenvs.in-project true</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><blockquote><p>如果已经创建了环境需要先移除 <code>poetry env remove PYTHONPATH</code><br>创建目录：poetry env use PYTHONPATH</p></div><div class=post-footer><a href=/posts/poetry/>阅读全文</a><div class=post-tags><i class="fa-solid fa-tags fa-fw me-1" aria-hidden=true></i><a href=/tags/poetry/ class=post-tag>Poetry</a></div></div></article><article class="single summary" itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Article><h2 class=single-title itemprop="name headline"><a href=/posts/nodejs/>Nodejs</a></h2><div class=post-meta><span class=post-author><span class=author><i class="fa-solid fa-user-circle" aria-hidden=true></i>
Leon</span></span> <span class=post-publish title='2024-10-29 18:10:27'>发布于 <time datetime=2024-10-29>2024-10-29</time></span><span class=post-included-in> 收录于 <a href=/categories/nodejs/ class=post-category title="分类 - Nodejs"><i class="fa-regular fa-folder fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i> Nodejs</a> 和 <a href=/collections/programs/ class=post-collection title="合集 - Programs"><i class="fa-solid fa-layer-group fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i> Programs</a></span></div><div class=content><h3 id=问题集锦 class=heading-element><span>问题集锦</span>
<a href=#%e9%97%ae%e9%a2%98%e9%9b%86%e9%94%a6 class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><h4 id=lib64libstdcso6-version-cxxabi_139-not-found-canvasnode-解决办法centos class=heading-element><span>/lib64/libstdc++.so.6: version `CXXABI_1.3.9’ not found canvas.node 解决办法（CentOS）</span>
<a href=#lib64libstdcso6-version-cxxabi_139-not-found-canvasnode-%e8%a7%a3%e5%86%b3%e5%8a%9e%e6%b3%95centos class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h4><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-shell data-lang=shell><span class=line><span class=cl>npx node-pre-gyp rebuild -C ./node_modules/canvas</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div></div><div class=post-footer><a href=/posts/nodejs/>阅读全文</a><div class=post-tags><i class="fa-solid fa-tags fa-fw me-1" aria-hidden=true></i><a href=/tags/nodejs/ class=post-tag>Nodejs</a></div></div></article><article class="single summary" itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Article><h2 class=single-title itemprop="name headline"><a href=/posts/macosboot/>Macosboot</a></h2><div class=post-meta><span class=post-author><span class=author><i class="fa-solid fa-user-circle" aria-hidden=true></i>
Leon</span></span> <span class=post-publish title='2024-10-28 15:48:16'>发布于 <time datetime=2024-10-28>2024-10-28</time></span><span class=post-included-in> 收录于 <a href=/categories/macos/ class=post-category title="分类 - Macos"><i class="fa-regular fa-folder fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i> Macos</a> 和 <a href=/collections/system/ class=post-collection title="合集 - System"><i class="fa-solid fa-layer-group fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i> System</a></span></div><div class=content><h3 id=macos-启动过程 class=heading-element><span>macos 启动过程</span>
<a href=#macos-%e5%90%af%e5%8a%a8%e8%bf%87%e7%a8%8b class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><h3 id=launchd开启之后会依次去完成以下的工作 class=heading-element><span>launchd开启之后，会依次去完成以下的工作：</span>
<a href=#launchd%e5%bc%80%e5%90%af%e4%b9%8b%e5%90%8e%e4%bc%9a%e4%be%9d%e6%ac%a1%e5%8e%bb%e5%ae%8c%e6%88%90%e4%bb%a5%e4%b8%8b%e7%9a%84%e5%b7%a5%e4%bd%9c class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><ul><li>根据<code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons</code> 和<code>/Library/LaunchDaemons</code>路径下的plist文件，加载系统级守护进程；</li><li>注册上述守护进程需要的套接字及文件描述符；</li><li>根据plist文件中的KeepAlive键值，启动那些需要在系统周期内一直保持的进程；</li><li>根据plist文件中的设定，在条件满足时启动进程；</li><li>关机时，给所有由launchd开启的进程发送SIGTERM信号。
我们将log信息中的内容与<code>/System/Library/LaunchDaemons</code>路径下的plist进行对照，发现在系统开启之初的bootlog，blued，mDNSResponder等都能再该路径下找到。</li></ul><h4 id=launchdaemons路径下的plist指定的进程启动是否存在一定的先后顺序呢 class=heading-element><span>LaunchDaemons路径下的plist指定的进程启动是否存在一定的先后顺序呢？</span>
<a href=#launchdaemons%e8%b7%af%e5%be%84%e4%b8%8b%e7%9a%84plist%e6%8c%87%e5%ae%9a%e7%9a%84%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e5%90%af%e5%8a%a8%e6%98%af%e5%90%a6%e5%ad%98%e5%9c%a8%e4%b8%80%e5%ae%9a%e7%9a%84%e5%85%88%e5%90%8e%e9%a1%ba%e5%ba%8f%e5%91%a2 class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h4><blockquote><p>在launchd依次完成的工作中，可以看到它是先注册套接字和文件描述符，然后才去启动进程，因此plist指定的进程的启动先后顺序并不明确。</p></div><div class=post-footer><a href=/posts/macosboot/>阅读全文</a><div class=post-tags><i class="fa-solid fa-tags fa-fw me-1" aria-hidden=true></i><a href=/tags/macos/ class=post-tag>Macos</a></div></div></article><article class="single summary" itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/Article><h2 class=single-title itemprop="name headline"><a href=/posts/shell/>Shell</a></h2><div class=post-meta><span class=post-author><span class=author><i class="fa-solid fa-user-circle" aria-hidden=true></i>
Leon</span></span> <span class=post-publish title='2024-10-17 18:34:22'>发布于 <time datetime=2024-10-17>2024-10-17</time></span><span class=post-included-in> 收录于 <a href=/categories/shell/ class=post-category title="分类 - Shell"><i class="fa-regular fa-folder fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i> Shell</a> 和 <a href=/collections/programs/ class=post-collection title="合集 - Programs"><i class="fa-solid fa-layer-group fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i> Programs</a></span></div><div class=content><h3 id=ps命令 class=heading-element><span><code>ps</code>命令</span>
<a href=#ps%e5%91%bd%e4%bb%a4 class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><h4 id=查看进程启动时间 class=heading-element><span>查看进程启动时间</span>
<a href=#%e6%9f%a5%e7%9c%8b%e8%bf%9b%e7%a8%8b%e5%90%af%e5%8a%a8%e6%97%b6%e9%97%b4 class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h4><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-shell data-lang=shell><span class=line><span class=cl>ps -eo pid,lstart,etime,cmd <span class=p>|</span>grep <span class=nv>$PID</span></span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><h3 id=shell-判断 class=heading-element><span>shell 判断</span>
<a href=#shell-%e5%88%a4%e6%96%ad class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span><span class=lnt>2
</span><span class=lnt>3
</span><span class=lnt>4
</span><span class=lnt>5
</span><span class=lnt>6
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-plain data-lang=plain><span class=line><span class=cl>-eq # 等于
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>-ne # 不等于
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>-gt # 大于
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>-lt # 小于
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>-ge # 大于等于
</span></span><span class=line><span class=cl>-le # 小于等于</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><h3 id=ip地址判断 class=heading-element><span>IP地址判断</span>
<a href=#ip%e5%9c%b0%e5%9d%80%e5%88%a4%e6%96%ad class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><div class=highlight><div class=chroma><table class=lntable><tr><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code><span class=lnt>1
</span></code></pre></td><td class=lntd><pre tabindex=0 class=chroma><code class=language-plain data-lang=plain><span class=line><span class=cl>((2(5[0-5]|[0-4]\\\\d))|[0-1]?\\\\d{1,2})(\\\\.((2(5[0-5]|[0-4]\\\\d))|[0-1]?\\\\d{1,2})){3}</span></span></code></pre></td></tr></table></div></div><h3 id=字符串运算 class=heading-element><span>字符串运算</span>
<a href=#%e5%ad%97%e7%ac%a6%e4%b8%b2%e8%bf%90%e7%ae%97 class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><table><thead><tr><th style=text-align:left>运算符</th><th style=text-align:left>说明</th><th style=text-align:left>举例</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style=text-align:left>=</td><td style=text-align:left>检测两个字符串是否相等，相等返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ $a = $b ] 返回 false。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>!=</td><td style=text-align:left>检测两个字符串是否不相等，不相等返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ $a != $b ] 返回 true。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>-z</td><td style=text-align:left>检测字符串长度是否为0，为0返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ -z $a ] 返回 false。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>-n</td><td style=text-align:left>检测字符串长度是否不为 0，不为 0 返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ -n “$a” ] 返回 true。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>$</td><td style=text-align:left>检测字符串是否不为空，不为空返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ $a ] 返回 true。</td></tr></tbody></table><h3 id=文件测试运算符 class=heading-element><span>文件测试运算符</span>
<a href=#%e6%96%87%e4%bb%b6%e6%b5%8b%e8%af%95%e8%bf%90%e7%ae%97%e7%ac%a6 class=heading-mark><svg class="octicon octicon-link" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" aria-hidden="true"><path d="m7.775 3.275 1.25-1.25a3.5 3.5.0 114.95 4.95l-2.5 2.5a3.5 3.5.0 01-4.95.0.751.751.0 01.018-1.042.751.751.0 011.042-.018 1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l2.5-2.5a2.002 2.002.0 00-2.83-2.83l-1.25 1.25a.751.751.0 01-1.042-.018.751.751.0 01-.018-1.042zm-4.69 9.64a1.998 1.998.0 002.83.0l1.25-1.25a.751.751.0 011.042.018.751.751.0 01.018 1.042l-1.25 1.25a3.5 3.5.0 11-4.95-4.95l2.5-2.5a3.5 3.5.0 014.95.0.751.751.0 01-.018 1.042.751.751.0 01-1.042.018 1.998 1.998.0 00-2.83.0l-2.5 2.5a1.998 1.998.0 000 2.83z"/></svg></a></h3><table><thead><tr><th style=text-align:left>操作符</th><th style=text-align:left>说明</th><th style=text-align:left>举例</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td style=text-align:left>-b file</td><td style=text-align:left>检测文件是否是块设备文件，如果是，则返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ -b $file ] 返回 false。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>-c file</td><td style=text-align:left>检测文件是否是字符设备文件，如果是，则返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ -c $file ] 返回 false。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>-d file</td><td style=text-align:left>检测文件是否是目录，如果是，则返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ -d $file ] 返回 false。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>-f file</td><td style=text-align:left>检测文件是否是普通文件（既不是目录，也不是设备文件），如果是，则返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ -f $file ] 返回 true。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>-g file</td><td style=text-align:left>检测文件是否设置了 SGID 位，如果是，则返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ -g $file ] 返回 false。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>-k file</td><td style=text-align:left>检测文件是否设置了粘着位(Sticky Bit)，如果是，则返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ -k $file ] 返回 false。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>-p file</td><td style=text-align:left>检测文件是否是有名管道，如果是，则返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ -p $file ] 返回 false。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>-u file</td><td style=text-align:left>检测文件是否设置了 SUID 位，如果是，则返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ -u $file ] 返回 false。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>-r file</td><td style=text-align:left>检测文件是否可读，如果是，则返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ -r $file ] 返回 true。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>-w file</td><td style=text-align:left>检测文件是否可写，如果是，则返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ -w $file ] 返回 true。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>-x file</td><td style=text-align:left>检测文件是否可执行，如果是，则返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ -x $file ] 返回 true。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>-s file</td><td style=text-align:left>检测文件是否为空（文件大小是否大于0），不为空返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ -s $file ] 返回 true。</td></tr><tr><td style=text-align:left>-e file</td><td style=text-align:left>检测文件（包括目录）是否存在，如果是，则返回 true。</td><td style=text-align:left>[ -e $file ] 返回 true。</td></tr></tbody></table><p>其他检查符：<br>-S: 判断某文件是否 socket。<br>-L: 检测文件是否存在并且是一个符号链接。</p></div><div class=post-footer><a href=/posts/shell/>阅读全文</a><div class=post-tags><i class="fa-solid fa-tags fa-fw me-1" aria-hidden=true></i><a href=/tags/shell/ class=post-tag>Shell</a></div></div></article><ul class=pagination><li class="page-item active"><span class=page-link><a href=/>1</a></span></li><li class=page-item><span class=page-link><a href=/page/2/>2</a></span></li><li class=page-item><span class=page-link><a href=/page/3/>3</a></span></li><li class=page-item><span class=page-link aria-hidden=true>…</span></li><li class=page-item><span class=page-link><a href=/page/5/>5</a></span></li></ul></div></main><footer class=footer><div class=footer-container><div class="footer-line powered">由 <a href=https://gohugo.io/ target=_blank rel="external nofollow noopener noreferrer" title="Hugo 0.144.2"><img class=hugo-icon src=/images/hugo.min.svg alt="Hugo logo"> Hugo</a> 强力驱动 | 主题 - <a href=https://github.com/hugo-fixit/FixIt target=_blank rel=external title="FixIt v0.3.16-f66dc32e"><img class=fixit-icon src=/images/fixit.min.svg alt="FixIt logo"> FixIt</a></div><div class="footer-line copyright" itemscope itemtype=http://schema.org/CreativeWork><i class="fa-regular fa-copyright fa-fw" aria-hidden=true></i>
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