[Compatibility] Implement Time#deconstruct_keys #4343

Job	Run time
build jvm	6m 59s
build native	14m 51s
lint	13m 28s
ruby/spec on CRuby 3.0	3m 24s
ruby/spec on CRuby 3.1	3m 27s
ruby/spec on CRuby 3.2	2m 51s
test integration	7m 28s
fast specs	2m 1s
specs :truffle	9m 56s
specs :language :core	12m 26s
specs :library :cext :security :command_line :tracepoint	9m 47s
run MRI tests on native	15m 48s
test native	3m 6s
	1h 45m 32s

Provide feedback