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docs(hrt/CPA): 调整推荐剂量部分表述 #1341

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26 changes: 20 additions & 6 deletions content/zh-cn/docs/medicine/antiandrogen/cyproterone/index.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -83,16 +83,31 @@ description: 醋酸环丙孕酮(Cyproterone Acetate),是一种常用的抗

### 特別提示

- 「日色」为醋酸氯地孕酮(Chlormadinone Acetate),同样具有抗雄激素活性[^1],但并非醋酸环丙孕酮,请不要误用
{{< notice info >}}

- 「日色」为醋酸氯地孕酮(Chlormadinone Acetate),同样具有抗雄激素活性[^1],但并非醋酸环丙孕酮,请不要误用。

[^1]: Wikipedia. Chlormadinone acetate [EB/OL]. (2023-11-25)\[2024-05-01]. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlormadinone_acetate>

{{< /notice >}}

## 使用方式与用量

{{< notice warning >}}

本章节内容仅针对同时使用雌激素制剂的女性倾向跨性别者。

长期仅使用醋酸环丙孕酮单方制剂的跨性别者与多元性别群体相关的资料较少,尚待进一步研究与整理。有此类需求的群体请寻求执业医师的专业指导。

{{< /notice >}}

- 服用方式:口服(无明显味道)
- 建议使用剂量:**5 ~ 12.5 mg/天**[^2]
- 多项研究发现 10 mg/天左右剂量已可最大程度抑制睾酮,且效果与高剂量一致[^2]。进一步研究则发现,每周两次 12.5 mg(等效约 3.5 mg/天)的超低剂量同样可以实现睾酮水平的充分抑制[^10]。最新发布的《跨性别和多元性别人群健康照护指南》第八版(SOC 8)亦建议 10 mg/天的剂量[^8]。
- 超出建议剂量会有更大的副作用与健康风险(见下);低于建议剂量可能会使睾酮抑制效果不充分。
- 建议使用剂量:**10 mg/天**[^8]
- 多项研究发现,在与雌二醇同时使用时 10 mg/天左右剂量已可最大程度抑制睾酮,且效果与高剂量一致[^2]。WPATH最新发布的《跨性别和多元性别人群健康照护指南》第八版(SOC-8)亦建议 10 mg/天的剂量[^8]。
- 超出建议剂量会有更大的副作用与健康风险(见下副作用章节);低于建议剂量可能会使睾酮抑制效果不显著。
- 进一步研究则发现,每周两次 12.5 mg(等效约 3.5 mg/天)的超低剂量同样可以实现睾酮水平的充分抑制[^10]。达到效果的情况下尽量减少用量。
- 可用切药器切为四片(即每份 12.5 mg),每 1 ~ 3 日一服。
- 达到效果的情况下尽量减少用量
- 若出现 10 mg/天 的剂量无法完全抑制睾酮的情况,请首先检查雌激素血药浓度是否足够,必要时咨询执业医师
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其实应该这么说:“CPA 单药治疗时,即使在最大推荐剂量(10~12.5 mg/d)下,也不能实现睾酮水平的完全抑制1;只有在和雌激素合用时方可实现2。因此,如出现此剂量下仍未完全抑制睾酮的情况,优先检查雌二醇水平是否足够高;必要时咨询相关医师。”

(“执业医师”用词不当,因为绝大多数医生对 GAHT 都不熟悉,无法给予有效建议)

另外补充:“在最大推荐剂量达到效果后,尽可能减少用量至 5~6.25 mg/d。由于研究资料有限,暂不推荐减至 5 mg/d 以下。”

Footnotes

  1. Rost A, Schmidt-Gollwitzer M, Hantelmann W, et al. Cyproterone acetate, testosterone, LH, FSH, and prolactin levels in plasma after intramuscular application of cyproterone acetate in patients with prostatic cancer [J]. The Prostate, 1981, 2(3): 315-322. https://doi.org/10.1002/pros.2990020310

  2. Fung R, Hellstern-Layefsky M, Lega I. Is a lower dose of cyproterone acetate as effective at testosterone suppression in transgender women as higher doses? [J]. International Journal of Transgenderism, 2017, 18(2): 123–128. https://doi.org/10.1080/15532739.2017.1290566

- 建议适量补充维生素 B<sub>12</sub>。
- 停药时须逐步减药。

Expand All @@ -114,7 +129,6 @@ description: 醋酸环丙孕酮(Cyproterone Acetate),是一种常用的抗
- 分子量:416.94
- CAS:427-51-0

[^1]: Wikipedia. Chlormadinone acetate [EB/OL]. (2023-11-25)[2024-05-01]. <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlormadinone_acetate>
[^2]: Aly. Low Doses of Cyproterone Acetate Are Maximally Effective for Testosterone Suppression in Transfeminine People [EB/OL]. *Transfeminine Science*, 2019. 译文:《[低剂量的醋酸环丙孕酮足以最大限度地抑制女性倾向跨性别者的睾酮水平](https://tfsci.mtf.wiki/articles/cpa-dosage/)》
[^3]: Sadock B J, Ahmad S, Sadock V A. Kaplan and Sadock's Pocket Handbook of Clinical Psychiatry [M]. 6th ed. Philadelphia, US: Wolters Kluwer, 2018: 92.
[^4]: Ramsay I D, Rushton D H. Reduced serum vitamin B12 levels during oral cyproterone-acetate and ethinyl-oestradiol therapy in women with diffuse androgen-dependent alopecia [J]. *Clinical and Experimental Dermatology*, 1990, 15(4): 277–281. DOI: [10.1111/j.1365-2230.1990.tb02089.x](https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.1990.tb02089.x)
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