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Building Xamarin.Android on Windows

Building Xamarin.Android on Windows requires .NET and the msbuild command be available within the Command-Line environment. (The Developer Command Prompt that Visual Studio installs is sufficient.)

MSBuild version 15 or later is required.

Building Xamarin.Android

  1. Install the build dependencies.

  2. Clone the xamarin-android repo:

    git clone https://github.com/xamarin/xamarin-android.git

  3. Navigate to the xamarin-android directory

  4. (Optional) Configure the build.

  5. Prepare the project:

    msbuild Xamarin.Android.sln /t:Prepare

    This will ensure that the build dependencies are installed, perform git submodule update, download NuGet dependencies, and other "preparatory" and pre-build tasks that need to be performed.

  6. Build the project:

    msbuild Xamarin.Android.sln

Windows Build Notes

Currently Windows avoids building many of the macOS dependencies by downloading a zip bundle of mono-related binaries previously built on macOS. This speeds up the build and enables development on Windows, in general.

A simple way to ensure you have the needed dependencies on Windows is to install Visual Studio 2017 (> 15.3.x) along with the Xamarin workload. This will ensure you have the correct version of Xamarin.Android, the Android SDK, and Java needed.

It also is worth noting that opening Xamarin.Android.sln in Visual Studio tends to hold file locks on output assemblies containing MSBuild tasks. Until there is a solution for this, it might be more advisable to use an editor like Visual Studio Code and build via the command-line.

Building Unit Tests

Once msbuild Xamarin.Android.sln has completed, the unit tests may be built with:

msbuild Xamarin.Android-Tests.sln /p:XAIntegratedTests=False

NOTE: There is currently no equivalent to make jenkins on Windows.

Troubleshooting: Ensure you check your MSBuild version (msbuild -version) and path for the proper version of MSBuild.

Running Unit Tests

All .apk-based unit tests can be executed via

msbuild Xamarin.Android.sln /t:RunApkTests

Listing Nunit Tests

In order to get a list of the tests you can use the ListNUnitTests target

msbuild Xamarin.Android.sln /t:ListNUnitTests

This will produce a list of the tests in all of the test assemblies.

Running Specific Nunit Tests

You can run then a single (or a group) of tests using the $(TEST) msbuild property.

msbuild Xamarin.Android.sln /t:RunNunitTests /p:TEST=Xamarin.Android.Build.Tests.Aapt2Tests.Aapt2Compile

Running Individual .apk Projects

See also the tests/RunApkTests.targets and build-tools/scripts/TestApks.targets files.

All .apk-based unit test projects provide the following targets:

  • DeployTestApks: Installs the associated .apk to an Android device.
  • UndeployTestApks: Uninstalls the associated .apk from an Android device.
  • RunTestApks: Executes the unit tests contained within a .apk. This target must be executed after the DeployTestApks target.

To run an individual .apk-based test project, a package must be built, using the SignAndroidPackage target, installed, and executed.

For example:

$ bin/Debug/bin/xabuild /t:SignAndroidPackage  tests/locales/Xamarin.Android.Locale-Tests/Xamarin.Android.Locale-Tests.csproj
$ bin/Debug/bin/xabuild /t:DeployTestApks      tests/locales/Xamarin.Android.Locale-Tests/Xamarin.Android.Locale-Tests.csproj
$ bin/Debug/bin/xabuild /t:RunTestApks         tests/locales/Xamarin.Android.Locale-Tests/Xamarin.Android.Locale-Tests.csproj

Running .apk Projects with Include/Exclude

If an .apk-based unit test uses the NUnit [Category] custom attribute, then those tests can be explicitly included or excluded from execution by setting the $(IncludeCategories) or $(ExcludeCategories) MSBuild properties.

For example, to exclude tests that use the internet (InetAccess) category:

msbuild Xamarin.Android.sln /t:RunApkTests /p:ExcludeCategories=InetAccess

$(IncludeCategories) functions in the same fashion.

To specify multiple categories, separate each category with a : character.