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configuration.html
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<HTML
><HEAD
><TITLE
>Configuration</TITLE
><META
NAME="GENERATOR"
CONTENT="Modular DocBook HTML Stylesheet Version 1.57"><LINK
REL="HOME"
TITLE="PHP Manual"
HREF="manual.html"><LINK
REL="UP"
TITLE="Getting Started"
HREF="getting-started.html"><LINK
REL="PREVIOUS"
TITLE="Problems?"
HREF="install-problems.html"><LINK
REL="NEXT"
TITLE="Security"
HREF="security.html"><META
NAME="HTTP_EQUIV"
CONTENT="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"></HEAD
><BODY
CLASS="chapter"
BGCOLOR="#FFFFFF"
TEXT="#000000"
LINK="#0000FF"
VLINK="#840084"
ALINK="#0000FF"
><DIV
CLASS="NAVHEADER"
><TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
><TR
><TH
COLSPAN="3"
ALIGN="center"
>PHP Manual</TH
></TR
><TR
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="left"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="install-problems.html"
>Prev</A
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="80%"
ALIGN="center"
VALIGN="bottom"
></TD
><TD
WIDTH="10%"
ALIGN="right"
VALIGN="bottom"
><A
HREF="security.html"
>Next</A
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
><HR
ALIGN="LEFT"
WIDTH="100%"></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="chapter"
><H1
><A
NAME="configuration"
>Chapter 3. Configuration</A
></H1
><DIV
CLASS="TOC"
><DL
><DT
><B
>Table of Contents</B
></DT
><DT
><A
HREF="configuration.html#configuration.file"
>The configuration file</A
></DT
></DL
></DIV
><DIV
CLASS="sect1"
><H1
CLASS="sect1"
><A
NAME="configuration.file"
>The configuration file</A
></H1
><P
> The configuration file (called <TT
CLASS="filename"
>php3.ini</TT
> in
PHP 3.0, and simply <TT
CLASS="filename"
>php.ini</TT
> as of PHP 4.0)
is read when PHP starts up. For the server module versions of PHP,
this happens only once when the web server is started. For the
<SPAN
CLASS="acronym"
>CGI</SPAN
> version, it happens on every invocation.</P
><P
> When using PHP as an Apache module, you can also change the
configuration settings using directives in Apache configuration
files and .htaccess files.</P
><P
> With PHP 3.0, there are Apache directives that correspond to each
configuration setting in the <TT
CLASS="filename"
>php3.ini</TT
> name,
except the name is prefixed by "php3_".</P
><P
> With PHP 4.0, there are just a few Apache directives that allow you
to change the PHP configuration settings.
<P
></P
><DIV
CLASS="variablelist"
><DL
><DT
><SPAN
CLASS="systemitem"
>php_value</SPAN
>
<TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>name</I
></TT
>
<TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>value</I
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> This sets the value of the specified variable.</P
></DD
><DT
><SPAN
CLASS="systemitem"
>php_flag</SPAN
>
<TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>name</I
></TT
>
<TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>on|off</I
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> This is used to set a Boolean configuration option.</P
></DD
><DT
><SPAN
CLASS="systemitem"
>php_admin_value</SPAN
>
<TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>name</I
></TT
>
<TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>value</I
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> This sets the value of the specified variable. "Admin"
configuration settings can only be set from within the
main Apache configuration files, and not from .htaccess
files.</P
></DD
><DT
><SPAN
CLASS="systemitem"
>php_admin_flag</SPAN
>
<TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>name</I
></TT
>
<TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>on|off</I
></TT
></DT
><DD
><P
> This is used to set a Boolean configuration option.</P
></DD
></DL
></DIV
></P
><P
> You can view the settings of the configuration values in
the output of <A
HREF="function.phpinfo.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>phpinfo()</B
></A
>. You can also
access the values of individial configuration settings using
<A
HREF="function.get-cfg-var.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>get_cfg_var()</B
></A
>.</P
><DIV
CLASS="sect2"
><H2
CLASS="sect2"
><A
NAME="ini.sect.general"
>General Configuration Directives</A
></H2
><P
> <P
></P
><DIV
CLASS="variablelist"
><DL
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.asp-tags"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>asp_tags</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>boolean</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> Enables the use of ASP-like <% %> tags in addition to
the usual <?php ?> tags. This includes the
variable-value printing shorthand of <%= $value %>. For
more information, see <A
HREF="language.basic-syntax.html#language.basic-syntax.phpmode"
>Escaping from HTML</A
>.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>Note: </B
>Support for ASP-style tags was added in 3.0.4.</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.auto-append-file"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>auto_append_file</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>string</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> Specifies the name of a file that is automatically parsed
after the main file. The file is included as if it was
called with the <A
HREF="function.include.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>include()</B
></A
> function, so
<A
HREF="configuration.html#ini.include-path"
>include_path</A
> is used.</P
><P
> The special value <SPAN
CLASS="systemitem"
>none</SPAN
> disables auto-appending.
<DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>Note: </B
>
If the script is terminated with <A
HREF="function.exit.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>exit()</B
></A
>,
auto-append will <I
CLASS="emphasis"
>not</I
> occur.</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
></P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.auto-prepend-file"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>auto_prepend_file</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>string</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> Specifies the name of a file that is automatically parsed
before the main file. The file is included as if it was
called with the <A
HREF="function.include.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>include()</B
></A
> function, so
<A
HREF="configuration.html#ini.include-path"
>include_path</A
> is used.</P
><P
> The special value <SPAN
CLASS="systemitem"
>none</SPAN
> disables auto-prepending.</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.cgi-ext"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>cgi_ext</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>string</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> </P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.display-errors"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>display_errors</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>boolean</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> This determines whether errors should be printed to the screen
as part of the HTML output or not.
</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.doc-root"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>doc_root</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>string</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> PHP's "root directory" on the server. Only used if
non-empty. If PHP is configured with <A
HREF="configuration.html#ini.safe-mode"
>safe mode</A
>, no files outside
this directory are served.
</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.engine"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>engine</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>boolean</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> This directive is really only useful in the Apache module
version of PHP. It is used by sites that would like to turn
PHP parsing on and off on a per-directory or per-virtual
server basis. By putting <TT
CLASS="userinput"
><B
>engine
off</B
></TT
> in the appropriate places in the
<TT
CLASS="filename"
>httpd.conf</TT
> file, PHP can be enabled or
disabled.
</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.error-log"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>error_log</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>string</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> Name of file where script errors should be logged. If the
special value <TT
CLASS="literal"
>syslog</TT
> is used, the errors
are sent to the system logger instead. On UNIX, this means
syslog(3) and on Windows NT it means the event log. The
system logger is not supported on Windows 95.</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.error-reporting"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>error_reporting</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>integer</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> Set the error reporting level. The parameter is an integer
representing a bit field. Add the values of the error
reporting levels you want.
<DIV
CLASS="table"
><A
NAME="AEN1614"
></A
><P
><B
>Table 3-1. Error Reporting Levels</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="1"
CLASS="CALSTABLE"
><THEAD
><TR
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>bit value</TH
><TH
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>enabled reporting</TH
></TR
></THEAD
><TBODY
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>1</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>normal errors</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>2</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>normal warnings</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>4</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>parser errors</TD
></TR
><TR
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>8</TD
><TD
ALIGN="LEFT"
VALIGN="MIDDLE"
>non-critical style-related warnings</TD
></TR
></TBODY
></TABLE
></DIV
>
The default value for this directive is 7 (normal errors,
normal warnings and parser errors are shown).
</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.open-basedir"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>open_basedir</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>string</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> Limit the files that can be opened by PHP to the specified
directory-tree.
</P
><P
> When a script tries to open a file with,
for example, fopen or gzopen, the location of the file is
checked. When the file is outside the specified directory-tree,
PHP will refuse to open it. All symbolic links are resolved,
so it's not possible to avoid this restriction with a symlink.
</P
><P
> The special value <SPAN
CLASS="systemitem"
>.</SPAN
>
indicates that the directory in which the script is stored will
be used as base-directory.
</P
><P
> Under Windows, separate the directories with a semicolon. On all
other systems, separate the directories with a colon. As an Apache
module, open_basedir paths from parent directories are now
automatically inherited.
</P
><DIV
CLASS="note"
><BLOCKQUOTE
CLASS="note"
><P
><B
>Note: </B
>Support for multiple directories was added in 3.0.7.</P
></BLOCKQUOTE
></DIV
><P
> The default is to allow all files to be opened.
</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.gpc-order"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>gpc_order</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>string</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> Set the order of GET/POST/COOKIE variable parsing. The
default setting of this directive is "GPC". Setting this to
"GP", for example, will cause PHP to completely ignore cookies
and to overwrite any GET method variables with POST-method
variables of the same name.
</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.ignore-user-abort"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>ignore_user_abort</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>string</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> On by default. If changed to Off scripts will be terminated as
soon as they try to output something after a client has aborted
their connection.
<A
HREF="function.ignore-user-abort.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>ignore_user_abort()</B
></A
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.include-path"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>include_path</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>string</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> Specifies a list of directories where the
<A
HREF="function.require.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>require()</B
></A
>, <A
HREF="function.include.html"
><B
CLASS="function"
>include()</B
></A
>
and <B
CLASS="function"
>fopen_with_path()</B
> functions look for
files. The format is like the system's <TT
CLASS="envar"
>PATH</TT
>
environment variable: a list of directories separated with a
colon in UNIX or semicolon in Windows.
<TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN1670"
></A
><P
><B
>Example 3-1. UNIX include_path</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
> include_path=.:/home/httpd/php-lib
</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
<TABLE
WIDTH="100%"
BORDER="0"
CELLPADDING="0"
CELLSPACING="0"
CLASS="EXAMPLE"
><TR
><TD
><DIV
CLASS="example"
><A
NAME="AEN1673"
></A
><P
><B
>Example 3-2. Windows include_path</B
></P
><TABLE
BORDER="0"
BGCOLOR="#E0E0E0"
WIDTH="100%"
><TR
><TD
><PRE
CLASS="programlisting"
> include_path=".;c:\www\phplib"
</PRE
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
></DIV
></TD
></TR
></TABLE
>
The default value for this directive is <TT
CLASS="literal"
>.</TT
>
(only the current directory).</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.isapi-ext"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>isapi_ext</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>string</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> </P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.log-errors"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>log_errors</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>boolean</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> Tells whether script error messages should be logged to the
server's error log. This option is thus server-specific.</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.magic-quotes-gpc"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>magic_quotes_gpc</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>boolean</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> Sets the magic_quotes state for GPC (Get/Post/Cookie)
operations. When magic_quotes are on, all ' (single-quote),
" (double quote), \ (backslash) and NUL's are escaped
with a backslash automatically. If magic_quotes_sybase is
also on, a single-quote is escaped with a single-quote
instead of a backslash.
</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.magic-quotes-runtime"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>magic_quotes_runtime</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>boolean</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> If <TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>magic_quotes_runtime</I
></TT
> is enabled,
most functions that return data from any sort of external
source including databases and text files will have quotes
escaped with a backslash. If
<TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>magic_quotes_sybase</I
></TT
> is also on, a
single-quote is escaped with a single-quote instead of a
backslash.
</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.magic-quotes-sybase"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>magic_quotes_sybase</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>boolean</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> If <TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>magic_quotes_sybase</I
></TT
> is also on, a
single-quote is escaped with a single-quote instead of a
backslash if <TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>magic_quotes_gpc</I
></TT
> or
<TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>magic_quotes_runtime</I
></TT
> is enabled.
</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.max-execution-time"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>max_execution_time</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>integer</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> This sets the maximum time in seconds a script is allowed to
take before it is terminated by the parser. This helps
prevent poorly written scripts from tying up the server. The
default setting is <TT
CLASS="literal"
>30</TT
>.
</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.memory-limit"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>memory_limit</I
></TT
>
<SPAN
CLASS="type"
>integer</SPAN
></A
></DT
><DD
><P
> This sets the maximum amount of memory in bytes that a script
is allowed to allocate. This helps prevent poorly written
scripts for eating up all available memory on a server.
</P
></DD
><DT
><A
NAME="ini.nsapi-ext"
><TT
CLASS="parameter"
><I
>nsapi_ext</I
></TT
>