transformer.py

import torch
import torch.nn as nn

import torch.nn.functional as F
import math


class WordEmbedder(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self,
                 dict_size,
                 embedding_dim):
        super().__init__()

        self.dict_size = dict_size
        self.embedding_dim = embedding_dim
        self.embedder = nn.Embedding(num_embeddings=self.dict_size,
                                     embedding_dim=self.embedding_dim)

    def forward(self, x):
        x = self.embedder(x)

        return x


class PositionWiseFeedForward(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, d_model, d_ff):
        super(PositionWiseFeedForward, self).__init__()
        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(d_model, d_ff)
        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(d_ff, d_model)
        self.relu = nn.ReLU()

    def forward(self, x):
        return self.fc2(self.relu(self.fc1(x)))


class MultiHeadAttention(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self,
                 d_model,
                 num_heads):
        super().__init__()
        assert d_model % num_heads == 0, "Dimension of the model should be divisible by num heads."

        self.d_model = d_model
        self.num_heads = num_heads
        self.d_k = self.d_model // num_heads

        self.W_q = nn.Linear(d_model, d_model)
        self.W_k = nn.Linear(d_model, d_model)
        self.W_v = nn.Linear(d_model, d_model)
        self.W_o = nn.Linear(d_model, d_model)

    def scaled_dot_product_attention(self, Q, K, V, mask=None):
        # Calculate attention scores
        attn_scores = torch.matmul(
            Q, K.transpose(-2, -1)) / math.sqrt(self.d_k)

        # Apply mask if provided (useful for preventing attention to certain parts like padding)
        if mask is not None:
            attn_scores = attn_scores.masked_fill(mask == 0, -1e9)

        # Softmax is applied to obtain attention probabilities
        attn_probs = torch.softmax(attn_scores, dim=-1)

        # Multiply by values to obtain the final output
        output = torch.matmul(attn_probs, V)
        return output

    def split_heads(self, x):
        # Reshape the input to have num_heads for multi-head attention
        batch_size, seq_length, d_model = x.size()
        return x.view(batch_size, seq_length, self.num_heads, self.d_k).transpose(1, 2)

    def combine_heads(self, x):
        # Combine the multiple heads back to original shape
        batch_size, _, seq_length, d_k = x.size()
        return x.transpose(1, 2).contiguous().view(batch_size, seq_length, self.d_model)

    def forward(self, Q, K, V, mask=None):
        # Apply linear transformations and split heads
        Q = self.split_heads(self.W_q(Q))
        K = self.split_heads(self.W_k(K))
        V = self.split_heads(self.W_v(V))

        # Perform scaled dot-product attention
        attn_output = self.scaled_dot_product_attention(Q, K, V, mask)

        # Combine heads and apply output transformation
        output = self.W_o(self.combine_heads(attn_output))

        return output


class PositionalEncoding(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, d_model, max_seq_length):
        super(PositionalEncoding, self).__init__()

        pe = torch.zeros(max_seq_length, d_model)
        position = torch.arange(
            0, max_seq_length, dtype=torch.float).unsqueeze(1)
        div_term = torch.exp(torch.arange(
            0, d_model, 2).float() * -(math.log(10000.0) / d_model))

        pe[:, 0::2] = torch.sin(position * div_term)
        pe[:, 1::2] = torch.cos(position * div_term)

        self.register_buffer('pe', pe.unsqueeze(0))

    def forward(self, x):
        return x + self.pe[:, :x.size(1)]


class EncoderLayer(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, d_model, num_heads, d_ff, dropout):
        super(EncoderLayer, self).__init__()
        self.self_attn = MultiHeadAttention(d_model, num_heads)
        self.feed_forward = PositionWiseFeedForward(d_model, d_ff)
        self.norm1 = nn.LayerNorm(d_model)
        self.norm2 = nn.LayerNorm(d_model)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)

    def forward(self, x, mask):
        attn_output = self.self_attn(x, x, x, mask)
        x = self.norm1(x + self.dropout(attn_output))
        ff_output = self.feed_forward(x)
        x = self.norm2(x + self.dropout(ff_output))
        return x


class DecoderLayer(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, d_model, num_heads, d_ff, dropout):
        super(DecoderLayer, self).__init__()
        self.self_attn = MultiHeadAttention(d_model, num_heads)
        self.cross_attn = MultiHeadAttention(d_model, num_heads)
        self.feed_forward = PositionWiseFeedForward(d_model, d_ff)
        self.norm1 = nn.LayerNorm(d_model)
        self.norm2 = nn.LayerNorm(d_model)
        self.norm3 = nn.LayerNorm(d_model)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)

    def forward(self, x, enc_output, src_mask, tgt_mask):
        attn_output = self.self_attn(x, x, x, tgt_mask)
        x = self.norm1(x + self.dropout(attn_output))
        attn_output = self.cross_attn(x, enc_output, enc_output, src_mask)
        x = self.norm2(x + self.dropout(attn_output))
        ff_output = self.feed_forward(x)
        x = self.norm3(x + self.dropout(ff_output))
        return x


class Transformer(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, src_vocab_size, tgt_vocab_size, d_model, num_heads, num_layers, d_ff, max_seq_length, dropout):
        super(Transformer, self).__init__()
        self.encoder_embedding = nn.Embedding(src_vocab_size, d_model)
        self.decoder_embedding = nn.Embedding(tgt_vocab_size, d_model)
        self.positional_encoding = PositionalEncoding(d_model, max_seq_length)

        self.encoder_layers = nn.ModuleList(
            [EncoderLayer(d_model, num_heads, d_ff, dropout) for _ in range(num_layers)])
        self.decoder_layers = nn.ModuleList(
            [DecoderLayer(d_model, num_heads, d_ff, dropout) for _ in range(num_layers)])

        self.fc = nn.Linear(d_model, tgt_vocab_size)
        self.dropout = nn.Dropout(dropout)

    def generate_mask(self, src, tgt):
        src_mask = (src != 0).unsqueeze(1).unsqueeze(2)
        tgt_mask = (tgt != 0).unsqueeze(1).unsqueeze(3)
        seq_length = tgt.size(1)
        nopeak_mask = (
            1 - torch.triu(torch.ones(1, seq_length, seq_length), diagonal=1)).bool()
        tgt_mask = tgt_mask & nopeak_mask
        return src_mask, tgt_mask

    def forward(self, src, tgt):
        src_mask, tgt_mask = self.generate_mask(src, tgt)
        src_embedded = self.dropout(
            self.positional_encoding(self.encoder_embedding(src)))
        tgt_embedded = self.dropout(
            self.positional_encoding(self.decoder_embedding(tgt)))

        enc_output = src_embedded
        for enc_layer in self.encoder_layers:
            enc_output = enc_layer(enc_output, src_mask)

        dec_output = tgt_embedded
        for dec_layer in self.decoder_layers:
            dec_output = dec_layer(dec_output, enc_output, src_mask, tgt_mask)

        output = self.fc(dec_output)
        return output