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update IHR status
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docs/v3/documentation/smart-contracts/shards/infinity-sharding-paradigm.mdx

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Shards perform the split or merge after a delay of `split_merge_delay = 100` seconds from the decision.
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## Messages and instant hypercube routing (instant hypercube routing)
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## Messages and instant hypercube routing (IHR)
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In the infinite sharding paradigm, each account or smart contract is treated as if it were a part of its own ShardChain.
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Interactions between accounts occur exclusively through message passing, following the **actor model**, where accounts act as actors.
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An efficient messaging system between ShardChains is essential for the operation of the TON blockchain. A key feature supporting this is **Instant Hypercube Routing**, which enables near-instantaneous message delivery and processing across ShardChains. Messages created in one ShardChain block are processed in the next block of the target ShardChain — regardless of how many messages are in the system.
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### Current Status of IHR
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:::info Important Clarification
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**Instant Hypercube Routing (IHR) is an alternative mechanism for message delivery without intermediate hops.** However, it is important to understand that:
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- **IHR is not implemented** and is not yet fully specified
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- **IHR is only relevant** when there are more than 16 shards and not all shards are neighbors to each other
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- **Current network settings forbid splitting deeper than 16 shards**, so IHR is not relevant in any practical sense today
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Currently, TON uses standard **Hypercube Routing (HR)** for message delivery between shards, which routes messages through intermediate shards when necessary. IHR would provide a more direct routing mechanism, but only becomes necessary in much larger shard configurations than are currently possible.
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:::
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### Message Routing Mechanisms
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TON blockchain supports two conceptual message routing mechanisms:
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1. **Hypercube Routing (HR)** - Currently implemented mechanism that routes messages between shards through intermediate hops when necessary
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2. **Instant Hypercube Routing (IHR)** - Alternative mechanism (not implemented) that would allow direct message delivery without intermediate hops
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The choice between these mechanisms would depend on the network topology and shard configuration, but given current limitations on shard depth, only HR is relevant.
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## Sharding example
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![](/img/docs/blockchain-fundamentals/shardchains.png)

docs/v3/documentation/smart-contracts/transaction-fees/fees-low-level.md

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### IHR
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:::tip
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At this moment (November 2024), [IHR](/v3/documentation/smart-contracts/shards/infinity-sharding-paradigm#messages-and-instant-hypercube-routing-instant-hypercube-routing) is not implemented, and if you set the `ihr_fee` to a non-zero value, it will always be added to the message value upon receipt. For now, there are no practical reasons to do this.
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:::info What is IHR?
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[**Instant Hypercube Routing (IHR)**](/v3/documentation/smart-contracts/shards/infinity-sharding-paradigm#messages-and-instant-hypercube-routing-instant-hypercube-routing) is an alternative mechanism for message delivery without intermediate hops between shards. To understand why IHR is not currently relevant:
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- **IHR is not implemented** and is not yet fully specified
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- **IHR would only be relevant** when the network has more than 16 shards and not all shards are neighbors to each other
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- **Current network settings forbid splitting deeper than 16 shards**, which means IHR is not relevant in any practical sense
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In the current TON network configuration, all message routing uses standard **Hypercube Routing (HR)**, which can handle message delivery efficiently with the current shard topology. The `ihr_fee` field exists in the message structure for future compatibility, but serves no functional purpose today.
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If you set the `ihr_fee` to a non-zero value, it will always be added to the message value upon receipt. For now, there are no practical reasons to do this.
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### Formula

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